{"ast":null,"code":"/*!\n * howler.js v2.2.3\n * howlerjs.com\n *\n * (c) 2013-2020, James Simpson of GoldFire Studios\n * goldfirestudios.com\n *\n * MIT License\n */\n\n(function () {\n 'use strict';\n\n /** Global Methods **/\n /***************************************************************************/\n\n /**\n * Create the global controller. All contained methods and properties apply\n * to all sounds that are currently playing or will be in the future.\n */\n var HowlerGlobal = function () {\n this.init();\n };\n HowlerGlobal.prototype = {\n /**\n * Initialize the global Howler object.\n * @return {Howler}\n */\n init: function () {\n var self = this || Howler;\n\n // Create a global ID counter.\n self._counter = 1000;\n\n // Pool of unlocked HTML5 Audio objects.\n self._html5AudioPool = [];\n self.html5PoolSize = 10;\n\n // Internal properties.\n self._codecs = {};\n self._howls = [];\n self._muted = false;\n self._volume = 1;\n self._canPlayEvent = 'canplaythrough';\n self._navigator = typeof window !== 'undefined' && window.navigator ? window.navigator : null;\n\n // Public properties.\n self.masterGain = null;\n self.noAudio = false;\n self.usingWebAudio = true;\n self.autoSuspend = true;\n self.ctx = null;\n\n // Set to false to disable the auto audio unlocker.\n self.autoUnlock = true;\n\n // Setup the various state values for global tracking.\n self._setup();\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Get/set the global volume for all sounds.\n * @param {Float} vol Volume from 0.0 to 1.0.\n * @return {Howler/Float} Returns self or current volume.\n */\n volume: function (vol) {\n var self = this || Howler;\n vol = parseFloat(vol);\n\n // If we don't have an AudioContext created yet, run the setup.\n if (!self.ctx) {\n setupAudioContext();\n }\n if (typeof vol !== 'undefined' && vol >= 0 && vol <= 1) {\n self._volume = vol;\n\n // Don't update any of the nodes if we are muted.\n if (self._muted) {\n return self;\n }\n\n // When using Web Audio, we just need to adjust the master gain.\n if (self.usingWebAudio) {\n self.masterGain.gain.setValueAtTime(vol, Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n }\n\n // Loop through and change volume for all HTML5 audio nodes.\n for (var i = 0; i < self._howls.length; i++) {\n if (!self._howls[i]._webAudio) {\n // Get all of the sounds in this Howl group.\n var ids = self._howls[i]._getSoundIds();\n\n // Loop through all sounds and change the volumes.\n for (var j = 0; j < ids.length; j++) {\n var sound = self._howls[i]._soundById(ids[j]);\n if (sound && sound._node) {\n sound._node.volume = sound._volume * vol;\n }\n }\n }\n }\n return self;\n }\n return self._volume;\n },\n /**\n * Handle muting and unmuting globally.\n * @param {Boolean} muted Is muted or not.\n */\n mute: function (muted) {\n var self = this || Howler;\n\n // If we don't have an AudioContext created yet, run the setup.\n if (!self.ctx) {\n setupAudioContext();\n }\n self._muted = muted;\n\n // With Web Audio, we just need to mute the master gain.\n if (self.usingWebAudio) {\n self.masterGain.gain.setValueAtTime(muted ? 0 : self._volume, Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n }\n\n // Loop through and mute all HTML5 Audio nodes.\n for (var i = 0; i < self._howls.length; i++) {\n if (!self._howls[i]._webAudio) {\n // Get all of the sounds in this Howl group.\n var ids = self._howls[i]._getSoundIds();\n\n // Loop through all sounds and mark the audio node as muted.\n for (var j = 0; j < ids.length; j++) {\n var sound = self._howls[i]._soundById(ids[j]);\n if (sound && sound._node) {\n sound._node.muted = muted ? true : sound._muted;\n }\n }\n }\n }\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Handle stopping all sounds globally.\n */\n stop: function () {\n var self = this || Howler;\n\n // Loop through all Howls and stop them.\n for (var i = 0; i < self._howls.length; i++) {\n self._howls[i].stop();\n }\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Unload and destroy all currently loaded Howl objects.\n * @return {Howler}\n */\n unload: function () {\n var self = this || Howler;\n for (var i = self._howls.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\n self._howls[i].unload();\n }\n\n // Create a new AudioContext to make sure it is fully reset.\n if (self.usingWebAudio && self.ctx && typeof self.ctx.close !== 'undefined') {\n self.ctx.close();\n self.ctx = null;\n setupAudioContext();\n }\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Check for codec support of specific extension.\n * @param {String} ext Audio file extention.\n * @return {Boolean}\n */\n codecs: function (ext) {\n return (this || Howler)._codecs[ext.replace(/^x-/, '')];\n },\n /**\n * Setup various state values for global tracking.\n * @return {Howler}\n */\n _setup: function () {\n var self = this || Howler;\n\n // Keeps track of the suspend/resume state of the AudioContext.\n self.state = self.ctx ? self.ctx.state || 'suspended' : 'suspended';\n\n // Automatically begin the 30-second suspend process\n self._autoSuspend();\n\n // Check if audio is available.\n if (!self.usingWebAudio) {\n // No audio is available on this system if noAudio is set to true.\n if (typeof Audio !== 'undefined') {\n try {\n var test = new Audio();\n\n // Check if the canplaythrough event is available.\n if (typeof test.oncanplaythrough === 'undefined') {\n self._canPlayEvent = 'canplay';\n }\n } catch (e) {\n self.noAudio = true;\n }\n } else {\n self.noAudio = true;\n }\n }\n\n // Test to make sure audio isn't disabled in Internet Explorer.\n try {\n var test = new Audio();\n if (test.muted) {\n self.noAudio = true;\n }\n } catch (e) {}\n\n // Check for supported codecs.\n if (!self.noAudio) {\n self._setupCodecs();\n }\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Check for browser support for various codecs and cache the results.\n * @return {Howler}\n */\n _setupCodecs: function () {\n var self = this || Howler;\n var audioTest = null;\n\n // Must wrap in a try/catch because IE11 in server mode throws an error.\n try {\n audioTest = typeof Audio !== 'undefined' ? new Audio() : null;\n } catch (err) {\n return self;\n }\n if (!audioTest || typeof audioTest.canPlayType !== 'function') {\n return self;\n }\n var mpegTest = audioTest.canPlayType('audio/mpeg;').replace(/^no$/, '');\n\n // Opera version <33 has mixed MP3 support, so we need to check for and block it.\n var ua = self._navigator ? self._navigator.userAgent : '';\n var checkOpera = ua.match(/OPR\\/([0-6].)/g);\n var isOldOpera = checkOpera && parseInt(checkOpera[0].split('/')[1], 10) < 33;\n var checkSafari = ua.indexOf('Safari') !== -1 && ua.indexOf('Chrome') === -1;\n var safariVersion = ua.match(/Version\\/(.*?) /);\n var isOldSafari = checkSafari && safariVersion && parseInt(safariVersion[1], 10) < 15;\n self._codecs = {\n mp3: !!(!isOldOpera && (mpegTest || audioTest.canPlayType('audio/mp3;').replace(/^no$/, ''))),\n mpeg: !!mpegTest,\n opus: !!audioTest.canPlayType('audio/ogg; codecs=\"opus\"').replace(/^no$/, ''),\n ogg: !!audioTest.canPlayType('audio/ogg; codecs=\"vorbis\"').replace(/^no$/, ''),\n oga: !!audioTest.canPlayType('audio/ogg; codecs=\"vorbis\"').replace(/^no$/, ''),\n wav: !!(audioTest.canPlayType('audio/wav; codecs=\"1\"') || audioTest.canPlayType('audio/wav')).replace(/^no$/, ''),\n aac: !!audioTest.canPlayType('audio/aac;').replace(/^no$/, ''),\n caf: !!audioTest.canPlayType('audio/x-caf;').replace(/^no$/, ''),\n m4a: !!(audioTest.canPlayType('audio/x-m4a;') || audioTest.canPlayType('audio/m4a;') || audioTest.canPlayType('audio/aac;')).replace(/^no$/, ''),\n m4b: !!(audioTest.canPlayType('audio/x-m4b;') || audioTest.canPlayType('audio/m4b;') || audioTest.canPlayType('audio/aac;')).replace(/^no$/, ''),\n mp4: !!(audioTest.canPlayType('audio/x-mp4;') || audioTest.canPlayType('audio/mp4;') || audioTest.canPlayType('audio/aac;')).replace(/^no$/, ''),\n weba: !!(!isOldSafari && audioTest.canPlayType('audio/webm; codecs=\"vorbis\"').replace(/^no$/, '')),\n webm: !!(!isOldSafari && audioTest.canPlayType('audio/webm; codecs=\"vorbis\"').replace(/^no$/, '')),\n dolby: !!audioTest.canPlayType('audio/mp4; codecs=\"ec-3\"').replace(/^no$/, ''),\n flac: !!(audioTest.canPlayType('audio/x-flac;') || audioTest.canPlayType('audio/flac;')).replace(/^no$/, '')\n };\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Some browsers/devices will only allow audio to be played after a user interaction.\n * Attempt to automatically unlock audio on the first user interaction.\n * Concept from: http://paulbakaus.com/tutorials/html5/web-audio-on-ios/\n * @return {Howler}\n */\n _unlockAudio: function () {\n var self = this || Howler;\n\n // Only run this if Web Audio is supported and it hasn't already been unlocked.\n if (self._audioUnlocked || !self.ctx) {\n return;\n }\n self._audioUnlocked = false;\n self.autoUnlock = false;\n\n // Some mobile devices/platforms have distortion issues when opening/closing tabs and/or web views.\n // Bugs in the browser (especially Mobile Safari) can cause the sampleRate to change from 44100 to 48000.\n // By calling Howler.unload(), we create a new AudioContext with the correct sampleRate.\n if (!self._mobileUnloaded && self.ctx.sampleRate !== 44100) {\n self._mobileUnloaded = true;\n self.unload();\n }\n\n // Scratch buffer for enabling iOS to dispose of web audio buffers correctly, as per:\n // http://stackoverflow.com/questions/24119684\n self._scratchBuffer = self.ctx.createBuffer(1, 1, 22050);\n\n // Call this method on touch start to create and play a buffer,\n // then check if the audio actually played to determine if\n // audio has now been unlocked on iOS, Android, etc.\n var unlock = function (e) {\n // Create a pool of unlocked HTML5 Audio objects that can\n // be used for playing sounds without user interaction. HTML5\n // Audio objects must be individually unlocked, as opposed\n // to the WebAudio API which only needs a single activation.\n // This must occur before WebAudio setup or the source.onended\n // event will not fire.\n while (self._html5AudioPool.length < self.html5PoolSize) {\n try {\n var audioNode = new Audio();\n\n // Mark this Audio object as unlocked to ensure it can get returned\n // to the unlocked pool when released.\n audioNode._unlocked = true;\n\n // Add the audio node to the pool.\n self._releaseHtml5Audio(audioNode);\n } catch (e) {\n self.noAudio = true;\n break;\n }\n }\n\n // Loop through any assigned audio nodes and unlock them.\n for (var i = 0; i < self._howls.length; i++) {\n if (!self._howls[i]._webAudio) {\n // Get all of the sounds in this Howl group.\n var ids = self._howls[i]._getSoundIds();\n\n // Loop through all sounds and unlock the audio nodes.\n for (var j = 0; j < ids.length; j++) {\n var sound = self._howls[i]._soundById(ids[j]);\n if (sound && sound._node && !sound._node._unlocked) {\n sound._node._unlocked = true;\n sound._node.load();\n }\n }\n }\n }\n\n // Fix Android can not play in suspend state.\n self._autoResume();\n\n // Create an empty buffer.\n var source = self.ctx.createBufferSource();\n source.buffer = self._scratchBuffer;\n source.connect(self.ctx.destination);\n\n // Play the empty buffer.\n if (typeof source.start === 'undefined') {\n source.noteOn(0);\n } else {\n source.start(0);\n }\n\n // Calling resume() on a stack initiated by user gesture is what actually unlocks the audio on Android Chrome >= 55.\n if (typeof self.ctx.resume === 'function') {\n self.ctx.resume();\n }\n\n // Setup a timeout to check that we are unlocked on the next event loop.\n source.onended = function () {\n source.disconnect(0);\n\n // Update the unlocked state and prevent this check from happening again.\n self._audioUnlocked = true;\n\n // Remove the touch start listener.\n document.removeEventListener('touchstart', unlock, true);\n document.removeEventListener('touchend', unlock, true);\n document.removeEventListener('click', unlock, true);\n document.removeEventListener('keydown', unlock, true);\n\n // Let all sounds know that audio has been unlocked.\n for (var i = 0; i < self._howls.length; i++) {\n self._howls[i]._emit('unlock');\n }\n };\n };\n\n // Setup a touch start listener to attempt an unlock in.\n document.addEventListener('touchstart', unlock, true);\n document.addEventListener('touchend', unlock, true);\n document.addEventListener('click', unlock, true);\n document.addEventListener('keydown', unlock, true);\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Get an unlocked HTML5 Audio object from the pool. If none are left,\n * return a new Audio object and throw a warning.\n * @return {Audio} HTML5 Audio object.\n */\n _obtainHtml5Audio: function () {\n var self = this || Howler;\n\n // Return the next object from the pool if one exists.\n if (self._html5AudioPool.length) {\n return self._html5AudioPool.pop();\n }\n\n //.Check if the audio is locked and throw a warning.\n var testPlay = new Audio().play();\n if (testPlay && typeof Promise !== 'undefined' && (testPlay instanceof Promise || typeof testPlay.then === 'function')) {\n testPlay.catch(function () {\n console.warn('HTML5 Audio pool exhausted, returning potentially locked audio object.');\n });\n }\n return new Audio();\n },\n /**\n * Return an activated HTML5 Audio object to the pool.\n * @return {Howler}\n */\n _releaseHtml5Audio: function (audio) {\n var self = this || Howler;\n\n // Don't add audio to the pool if we don't know if it has been unlocked.\n if (audio._unlocked) {\n self._html5AudioPool.push(audio);\n }\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Automatically suspend the Web Audio AudioContext after no sound has played for 30 seconds.\n * This saves processing/energy and fixes various browser-specific bugs with audio getting stuck.\n * @return {Howler}\n */\n _autoSuspend: function () {\n var self = this;\n if (!self.autoSuspend || !self.ctx || typeof self.ctx.suspend === 'undefined' || !Howler.usingWebAudio) {\n return;\n }\n\n // Check if any sounds are playing.\n for (var i = 0; i < self._howls.length; i++) {\n if (self._howls[i]._webAudio) {\n for (var j = 0; j < self._howls[i]._sounds.length; j++) {\n if (!self._howls[i]._sounds[j]._paused) {\n return self;\n }\n }\n }\n }\n if (self._suspendTimer) {\n clearTimeout(self._suspendTimer);\n }\n\n // If no sound has played after 30 seconds, suspend the context.\n self._suspendTimer = setTimeout(function () {\n if (!self.autoSuspend) {\n return;\n }\n self._suspendTimer = null;\n self.state = 'suspending';\n\n // Handle updating the state of the audio context after suspending.\n var handleSuspension = function () {\n self.state = 'suspended';\n if (self._resumeAfterSuspend) {\n delete self._resumeAfterSuspend;\n self._autoResume();\n }\n };\n\n // Either the state gets suspended or it is interrupted.\n // Either way, we need to update the state to suspended.\n self.ctx.suspend().then(handleSuspension, handleSuspension);\n }, 30000);\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Automatically resume the Web Audio AudioContext when a new sound is played.\n * @return {Howler}\n */\n _autoResume: function () {\n var self = this;\n if (!self.ctx || typeof self.ctx.resume === 'undefined' || !Howler.usingWebAudio) {\n return;\n }\n if (self.state === 'running' && self.ctx.state !== 'interrupted' && self._suspendTimer) {\n clearTimeout(self._suspendTimer);\n self._suspendTimer = null;\n } else if (self.state === 'suspended' || self.state === 'running' && self.ctx.state === 'interrupted') {\n self.ctx.resume().then(function () {\n self.state = 'running';\n\n // Emit to all Howls that the audio has resumed.\n for (var i = 0; i < self._howls.length; i++) {\n self._howls[i]._emit('resume');\n }\n });\n if (self._suspendTimer) {\n clearTimeout(self._suspendTimer);\n self._suspendTimer = null;\n }\n } else if (self.state === 'suspending') {\n self._resumeAfterSuspend = true;\n }\n return self;\n }\n };\n\n // Setup the global audio controller.\n var Howler = new HowlerGlobal();\n\n /** Group Methods **/\n /***************************************************************************/\n\n /**\n * Create an audio group controller.\n * @param {Object} o Passed in properties for this group.\n */\n var Howl = function (o) {\n var self = this;\n\n // Throw an error if no source is provided.\n if (!o.src || o.src.length === 0) {\n console.error('An array of source files must be passed with any new Howl.');\n return;\n }\n self.init(o);\n };\n Howl.prototype = {\n /**\n * Initialize a new Howl group object.\n * @param {Object} o Passed in properties for this group.\n * @return {Howl}\n */\n init: function (o) {\n var self = this;\n\n // If we don't have an AudioContext created yet, run the setup.\n if (!Howler.ctx) {\n setupAudioContext();\n }\n\n // Setup user-defined default properties.\n self._autoplay = o.autoplay || false;\n self._format = typeof o.format !== 'string' ? o.format : [o.format];\n self._html5 = o.html5 || false;\n self._muted = o.mute || false;\n self._loop = o.loop || false;\n self._pool = o.pool || 5;\n self._preload = typeof o.preload === 'boolean' || o.preload === 'metadata' ? o.preload : true;\n self._rate = o.rate || 1;\n self._sprite = o.sprite || {};\n self._src = typeof o.src !== 'string' ? o.src : [o.src];\n self._volume = o.volume !== undefined ? o.volume : 1;\n self._xhr = {\n method: o.xhr && o.xhr.method ? o.xhr.method : 'GET',\n headers: o.xhr && o.xhr.headers ? o.xhr.headers : null,\n withCredentials: o.xhr && o.xhr.withCredentials ? o.xhr.withCredentials : false\n };\n\n // Setup all other default properties.\n self._duration = 0;\n self._state = 'unloaded';\n self._sounds = [];\n self._endTimers = {};\n self._queue = [];\n self._playLock = false;\n\n // Setup event listeners.\n self._onend = o.onend ? [{\n fn: o.onend\n }] : [];\n self._onfade = o.onfade ? [{\n fn: o.onfade\n }] : [];\n self._onload = o.onload ? [{\n fn: o.onload\n }] : [];\n self._onloaderror = o.onloaderror ? [{\n fn: o.onloaderror\n }] : [];\n self._onplayerror = o.onplayerror ? [{\n fn: o.onplayerror\n }] : [];\n self._onpause = o.onpause ? [{\n fn: o.onpause\n }] : [];\n self._onplay = o.onplay ? [{\n fn: o.onplay\n }] : [];\n self._onstop = o.onstop ? [{\n fn: o.onstop\n }] : [];\n self._onmute = o.onmute ? [{\n fn: o.onmute\n }] : [];\n self._onvolume = o.onvolume ? [{\n fn: o.onvolume\n }] : [];\n self._onrate = o.onrate ? [{\n fn: o.onrate\n }] : [];\n self._onseek = o.onseek ? [{\n fn: o.onseek\n }] : [];\n self._onunlock = o.onunlock ? [{\n fn: o.onunlock\n }] : [];\n self._onresume = [];\n\n // Web Audio or HTML5 Audio?\n self._webAudio = Howler.usingWebAudio && !self._html5;\n\n // Automatically try to enable audio.\n if (typeof Howler.ctx !== 'undefined' && Howler.ctx && Howler.autoUnlock) {\n Howler._unlockAudio();\n }\n\n // Keep track of this Howl group in the global controller.\n Howler._howls.push(self);\n\n // If they selected autoplay, add a play event to the load queue.\n if (self._autoplay) {\n self._queue.push({\n event: 'play',\n action: function () {\n self.play();\n }\n });\n }\n\n // Load the source file unless otherwise specified.\n if (self._preload && self._preload !== 'none') {\n self.load();\n }\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Load the audio file.\n * @return {Howler}\n */\n load: function () {\n var self = this;\n var url = null;\n\n // If no audio is available, quit immediately.\n if (Howler.noAudio) {\n self._emit('loaderror', null, 'No audio support.');\n return;\n }\n\n // Make sure our source is in an array.\n if (typeof self._src === 'string') {\n self._src = [self._src];\n }\n\n // Loop through the sources and pick the first one that is compatible.\n for (var i = 0; i < self._src.length; i++) {\n var ext, str;\n if (self._format && self._format[i]) {\n // If an extension was specified, use that instead.\n ext = self._format[i];\n } else {\n // Make sure the source is a string.\n str = self._src[i];\n if (typeof str !== 'string') {\n self._emit('loaderror', null, 'Non-string found in selected audio sources - ignoring.');\n continue;\n }\n\n // Extract the file extension from the URL or base64 data URI.\n ext = /^data:audio\\/([^;,]+);/i.exec(str);\n if (!ext) {\n ext = /\\.([^.]+)$/.exec(str.split('?', 1)[0]);\n }\n if (ext) {\n ext = ext[1].toLowerCase();\n }\n }\n\n // Log a warning if no extension was found.\n if (!ext) {\n console.warn('No file extension was found. Consider using the \"format\" property or specify an extension.');\n }\n\n // Check if this extension is available.\n if (ext && Howler.codecs(ext)) {\n url = self._src[i];\n break;\n }\n }\n if (!url) {\n self._emit('loaderror', null, 'No codec support for selected audio sources.');\n return;\n }\n self._src = url;\n self._state = 'loading';\n\n // If the hosting page is HTTPS and the source isn't,\n // drop down to HTML5 Audio to avoid Mixed Content errors.\n if (window.location.protocol === 'https:' && url.slice(0, 5) === 'http:') {\n self._html5 = true;\n self._webAudio = false;\n }\n\n // Create a new sound object and add it to the pool.\n new Sound(self);\n\n // Load and decode the audio data for playback.\n if (self._webAudio) {\n loadBuffer(self);\n }\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Play a sound or resume previous playback.\n * @param {String/Number} sprite Sprite name for sprite playback or sound id to continue previous.\n * @param {Boolean} internal Internal Use: true prevents event firing.\n * @return {Number} Sound ID.\n */\n play: function (sprite, internal) {\n var self = this;\n var id = null;\n\n // Determine if a sprite, sound id or nothing was passed\n if (typeof sprite === 'number') {\n id = sprite;\n sprite = null;\n } else if (typeof sprite === 'string' && self._state === 'loaded' && !self._sprite[sprite]) {\n // If the passed sprite doesn't exist, do nothing.\n return null;\n } else if (typeof sprite === 'undefined') {\n // Use the default sound sprite (plays the full audio length).\n sprite = '__default';\n\n // Check if there is a single paused sound that isn't ended.\n // If there is, play that sound. If not, continue as usual.\n if (!self._playLock) {\n var num = 0;\n for (var i = 0; i < self._sounds.length; i++) {\n if (self._sounds[i]._paused && !self._sounds[i]._ended) {\n num++;\n id = self._sounds[i]._id;\n }\n }\n if (num === 1) {\n sprite = null;\n } else {\n id = null;\n }\n }\n }\n\n // Get the selected node, or get one from the pool.\n var sound = id ? self._soundById(id) : self._inactiveSound();\n\n // If the sound doesn't exist, do nothing.\n if (!sound) {\n return null;\n }\n\n // Select the sprite definition.\n if (id && !sprite) {\n sprite = sound._sprite || '__default';\n }\n\n // If the sound hasn't loaded, we must wait to get the audio's duration.\n // We also need to wait to make sure we don't run into race conditions with\n // the order of function calls.\n if (self._state !== 'loaded') {\n // Set the sprite value on this sound.\n sound._sprite = sprite;\n\n // Mark this sound as not ended in case another sound is played before this one loads.\n sound._ended = false;\n\n // Add the sound to the queue to be played on load.\n var soundId = sound._id;\n self._queue.push({\n event: 'play',\n action: function () {\n self.play(soundId);\n }\n });\n return soundId;\n }\n\n // Don't play the sound if an id was passed and it is already playing.\n if (id && !sound._paused) {\n // Trigger the play event, in order to keep iterating through queue.\n if (!internal) {\n self._loadQueue('play');\n }\n return sound._id;\n }\n\n // Make sure the AudioContext isn't suspended, and resume it if it is.\n if (self._webAudio) {\n Howler._autoResume();\n }\n\n // Determine how long to play for and where to start playing.\n var seek = Math.max(0, sound._seek > 0 ? sound._seek : self._sprite[sprite][0] / 1000);\n var duration = Math.max(0, (self._sprite[sprite][0] + self._sprite[sprite][1]) / 1000 - seek);\n var timeout = duration * 1000 / Math.abs(sound._rate);\n var start = self._sprite[sprite][0] / 1000;\n var stop = (self._sprite[sprite][0] + self._sprite[sprite][1]) / 1000;\n sound._sprite = sprite;\n\n // Mark the sound as ended instantly so that this async playback\n // doesn't get grabbed by another call to play while this one waits to start.\n sound._ended = false;\n\n // Update the parameters of the sound.\n var setParams = function () {\n sound._paused = false;\n sound._seek = seek;\n sound._start = start;\n sound._stop = stop;\n sound._loop = !!(sound._loop || self._sprite[sprite][2]);\n };\n\n // End the sound instantly if seek is at the end.\n if (seek >= stop) {\n self._ended(sound);\n return;\n }\n\n // Begin the actual playback.\n var node = sound._node;\n if (self._webAudio) {\n // Fire this when the sound is ready to play to begin Web Audio playback.\n var playWebAudio = function () {\n self._playLock = false;\n setParams();\n self._refreshBuffer(sound);\n\n // Setup the playback params.\n var vol = sound._muted || self._muted ? 0 : sound._volume;\n node.gain.setValueAtTime(vol, Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n sound._playStart = Howler.ctx.currentTime;\n\n // Play the sound using the supported method.\n if (typeof node.bufferSource.start === 'undefined') {\n sound._loop ? node.bufferSource.noteGrainOn(0, seek, 86400) : node.bufferSource.noteGrainOn(0, seek, duration);\n } else {\n sound._loop ? node.bufferSource.start(0, seek, 86400) : node.bufferSource.start(0, seek, duration);\n }\n\n // Start a new timer if none is present.\n if (timeout !== Infinity) {\n self._endTimers[sound._id] = setTimeout(self._ended.bind(self, sound), timeout);\n }\n if (!internal) {\n setTimeout(function () {\n self._emit('play', sound._id);\n self._loadQueue();\n }, 0);\n }\n };\n if (Howler.state === 'running' && Howler.ctx.state !== 'interrupted') {\n playWebAudio();\n } else {\n self._playLock = true;\n\n // Wait for the audio context to resume before playing.\n self.once('resume', playWebAudio);\n\n // Cancel the end timer.\n self._clearTimer(sound._id);\n }\n } else {\n // Fire this when the sound is ready to play to begin HTML5 Audio playback.\n var playHtml5 = function () {\n node.currentTime = seek;\n node.muted = sound._muted || self._muted || Howler._muted || node.muted;\n node.volume = sound._volume * Howler.volume();\n node.playbackRate = sound._rate;\n\n // Some browsers will throw an error if this is called without user interaction.\n try {\n var play = node.play();\n\n // Support older browsers that don't support promises, and thus don't have this issue.\n if (play && typeof Promise !== 'undefined' && (play instanceof Promise || typeof play.then === 'function')) {\n // Implements a lock to prevent DOMException: The play() request was interrupted by a call to pause().\n self._playLock = true;\n\n // Set param values immediately.\n setParams();\n\n // Releases the lock and executes queued actions.\n play.then(function () {\n self._playLock = false;\n node._unlocked = true;\n if (!internal) {\n self._emit('play', sound._id);\n } else {\n self._loadQueue();\n }\n }).catch(function () {\n self._playLock = false;\n self._emit('playerror', sound._id, 'Playback was unable to start. This is most commonly an issue ' + 'on mobile devices and Chrome where playback was not within a user interaction.');\n\n // Reset the ended and paused values.\n sound._ended = true;\n sound._paused = true;\n });\n } else if (!internal) {\n self._playLock = false;\n setParams();\n self._emit('play', sound._id);\n }\n\n // Setting rate before playing won't work in IE, so we set it again here.\n node.playbackRate = sound._rate;\n\n // If the node is still paused, then we can assume there was a playback issue.\n if (node.paused) {\n self._emit('playerror', sound._id, 'Playback was unable to start. This is most commonly an issue ' + 'on mobile devices and Chrome where playback was not within a user interaction.');\n return;\n }\n\n // Setup the end timer on sprites or listen for the ended event.\n if (sprite !== '__default' || sound._loop) {\n self._endTimers[sound._id] = setTimeout(self._ended.bind(self, sound), timeout);\n } else {\n self._endTimers[sound._id] = function () {\n // Fire ended on this audio node.\n self._ended(sound);\n\n // Clear this listener.\n node.removeEventListener('ended', self._endTimers[sound._id], false);\n };\n node.addEventListener('ended', self._endTimers[sound._id], false);\n }\n } catch (err) {\n self._emit('playerror', sound._id, err);\n }\n };\n\n // If this is streaming audio, make sure the src is set and load again.\n if (node.src === 'data:audio/wav;base64,UklGRigAAABXQVZFZm10IBIAAAABAAEARKwAAIhYAQACABAAAABkYXRhAgAAAAEA') {\n node.src = self._src;\n node.load();\n }\n\n // Play immediately if ready, or wait for the 'canplaythrough'e vent.\n var loadedNoReadyState = window && window.ejecta || !node.readyState && Howler._navigator.isCocoonJS;\n if (node.readyState >= 3 || loadedNoReadyState) {\n playHtml5();\n } else {\n self._playLock = true;\n self._state = 'loading';\n var listener = function () {\n self._state = 'loaded';\n\n // Begin playback.\n playHtml5();\n\n // Clear this listener.\n node.removeEventListener(Howler._canPlayEvent, listener, false);\n };\n node.addEventListener(Howler._canPlayEvent, listener, false);\n\n // Cancel the end timer.\n self._clearTimer(sound._id);\n }\n }\n return sound._id;\n },\n /**\n * Pause playback and save current position.\n * @param {Number} id The sound ID (empty to pause all in group).\n * @return {Howl}\n */\n pause: function (id) {\n var self = this;\n\n // If the sound hasn't loaded or a play() promise is pending, add it to the load queue to pause when capable.\n if (self._state !== 'loaded' || self._playLock) {\n self._queue.push({\n event: 'pause',\n action: function () {\n self.pause(id);\n }\n });\n return self;\n }\n\n // If no id is passed, get all ID's to be paused.\n var ids = self._getSoundIds(id);\n for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {\n // Clear the end timer.\n self._clearTimer(ids[i]);\n\n // Get the sound.\n var sound = self._soundById(ids[i]);\n if (sound && !sound._paused) {\n // Reset the seek position.\n sound._seek = self.seek(ids[i]);\n sound._rateSeek = 0;\n sound._paused = true;\n\n // Stop currently running fades.\n self._stopFade(ids[i]);\n if (sound._node) {\n if (self._webAudio) {\n // Make sure the sound has been created.\n if (!sound._node.bufferSource) {\n continue;\n }\n if (typeof sound._node.bufferSource.stop === 'undefined') {\n sound._node.bufferSource.noteOff(0);\n } else {\n sound._node.bufferSource.stop(0);\n }\n\n // Clean up the buffer source.\n self._cleanBuffer(sound._node);\n } else if (!isNaN(sound._node.duration) || sound._node.duration === Infinity) {\n sound._node.pause();\n }\n }\n }\n\n // Fire the pause event, unless `true` is passed as the 2nd argument.\n if (!arguments[1]) {\n self._emit('pause', sound ? sound._id : null);\n }\n }\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Stop playback and reset to start.\n * @param {Number} id The sound ID (empty to stop all in group).\n * @param {Boolean} internal Internal Use: true prevents event firing.\n * @return {Howl}\n */\n stop: function (id, internal) {\n var self = this;\n\n // If the sound hasn't loaded, add it to the load queue to stop when capable.\n if (self._state !== 'loaded' || self._playLock) {\n self._queue.push({\n event: 'stop',\n action: function () {\n self.stop(id);\n }\n });\n return self;\n }\n\n // If no id is passed, get all ID's to be stopped.\n var ids = self._getSoundIds(id);\n for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {\n // Clear the end timer.\n self._clearTimer(ids[i]);\n\n // Get the sound.\n var sound = self._soundById(ids[i]);\n if (sound) {\n // Reset the seek position.\n sound._seek = sound._start || 0;\n sound._rateSeek = 0;\n sound._paused = true;\n sound._ended = true;\n\n // Stop currently running fades.\n self._stopFade(ids[i]);\n if (sound._node) {\n if (self._webAudio) {\n // Make sure the sound's AudioBufferSourceNode has been created.\n if (sound._node.bufferSource) {\n if (typeof sound._node.bufferSource.stop === 'undefined') {\n sound._node.bufferSource.noteOff(0);\n } else {\n sound._node.bufferSource.stop(0);\n }\n\n // Clean up the buffer source.\n self._cleanBuffer(sound._node);\n }\n } else if (!isNaN(sound._node.duration) || sound._node.duration === Infinity) {\n sound._node.currentTime = sound._start || 0;\n sound._node.pause();\n\n // If this is a live stream, stop download once the audio is stopped.\n if (sound._node.duration === Infinity) {\n self._clearSound(sound._node);\n }\n }\n }\n if (!internal) {\n self._emit('stop', sound._id);\n }\n }\n }\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Mute/unmute a single sound or all sounds in this Howl group.\n * @param {Boolean} muted Set to true to mute and false to unmute.\n * @param {Number} id The sound ID to update (omit to mute/unmute all).\n * @return {Howl}\n */\n mute: function (muted, id) {\n var self = this;\n\n // If the sound hasn't loaded, add it to the load queue to mute when capable.\n if (self._state !== 'loaded' || self._playLock) {\n self._queue.push({\n event: 'mute',\n action: function () {\n self.mute(muted, id);\n }\n });\n return self;\n }\n\n // If applying mute/unmute to all sounds, update the group's value.\n if (typeof id === 'undefined') {\n if (typeof muted === 'boolean') {\n self._muted = muted;\n } else {\n return self._muted;\n }\n }\n\n // If no id is passed, get all ID's to be muted.\n var ids = self._getSoundIds(id);\n for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {\n // Get the sound.\n var sound = self._soundById(ids[i]);\n if (sound) {\n sound._muted = muted;\n\n // Cancel active fade and set the volume to the end value.\n if (sound._interval) {\n self._stopFade(sound._id);\n }\n if (self._webAudio && sound._node) {\n sound._node.gain.setValueAtTime(muted ? 0 : sound._volume, Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n } else if (sound._node) {\n sound._node.muted = Howler._muted ? true : muted;\n }\n self._emit('mute', sound._id);\n }\n }\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Get/set the volume of this sound or of the Howl group. This method can optionally take 0, 1 or 2 arguments.\n * volume() -> Returns the group's volume value.\n * volume(id) -> Returns the sound id's current volume.\n * volume(vol) -> Sets the volume of all sounds in this Howl group.\n * volume(vol, id) -> Sets the volume of passed sound id.\n * @return {Howl/Number} Returns self or current volume.\n */\n volume: function () {\n var self = this;\n var args = arguments;\n var vol, id;\n\n // Determine the values based on arguments.\n if (args.length === 0) {\n // Return the value of the groups' volume.\n return self._volume;\n } else if (args.length === 1 || args.length === 2 && typeof args[1] === 'undefined') {\n // First check if this is an ID, and if not, assume it is a new volume.\n var ids = self._getSoundIds();\n var index = ids.indexOf(args[0]);\n if (index >= 0) {\n id = parseInt(args[0], 10);\n } else {\n vol = parseFloat(args[0]);\n }\n } else if (args.length >= 2) {\n vol = parseFloat(args[0]);\n id = parseInt(args[1], 10);\n }\n\n // Update the volume or return the current volume.\n var sound;\n if (typeof vol !== 'undefined' && vol >= 0 && vol <= 1) {\n // If the sound hasn't loaded, add it to the load queue to change volume when capable.\n if (self._state !== 'loaded' || self._playLock) {\n self._queue.push({\n event: 'volume',\n action: function () {\n self.volume.apply(self, args);\n }\n });\n return self;\n }\n\n // Set the group volume.\n if (typeof id === 'undefined') {\n self._volume = vol;\n }\n\n // Update one or all volumes.\n id = self._getSoundIds(id);\n for (var i = 0; i < id.length; i++) {\n // Get the sound.\n sound = self._soundById(id[i]);\n if (sound) {\n sound._volume = vol;\n\n // Stop currently running fades.\n if (!args[2]) {\n self._stopFade(id[i]);\n }\n if (self._webAudio && sound._node && !sound._muted) {\n sound._node.gain.setValueAtTime(vol, Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n } else if (sound._node && !sound._muted) {\n sound._node.volume = vol * Howler.volume();\n }\n self._emit('volume', sound._id);\n }\n }\n } else {\n sound = id ? self._soundById(id) : self._sounds[0];\n return sound ? sound._volume : 0;\n }\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Fade a currently playing sound between two volumes (if no id is passed, all sounds will fade).\n * @param {Number} from The value to fade from (0.0 to 1.0).\n * @param {Number} to The volume to fade to (0.0 to 1.0).\n * @param {Number} len Time in milliseconds to fade.\n * @param {Number} id The sound id (omit to fade all sounds).\n * @return {Howl}\n */\n fade: function (from, to, len, id) {\n var self = this;\n\n // If the sound hasn't loaded, add it to the load queue to fade when capable.\n if (self._state !== 'loaded' || self._playLock) {\n self._queue.push({\n event: 'fade',\n action: function () {\n self.fade(from, to, len, id);\n }\n });\n return self;\n }\n\n // Make sure the to/from/len values are numbers.\n from = Math.min(Math.max(0, parseFloat(from)), 1);\n to = Math.min(Math.max(0, parseFloat(to)), 1);\n len = parseFloat(len);\n\n // Set the volume to the start position.\n self.volume(from, id);\n\n // Fade the volume of one or all sounds.\n var ids = self._getSoundIds(id);\n for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {\n // Get the sound.\n var sound = self._soundById(ids[i]);\n\n // Create a linear fade or fall back to timeouts with HTML5 Audio.\n if (sound) {\n // Stop the previous fade if no sprite is being used (otherwise, volume handles this).\n if (!id) {\n self._stopFade(ids[i]);\n }\n\n // If we are using Web Audio, let the native methods do the actual fade.\n if (self._webAudio && !sound._muted) {\n var currentTime = Howler.ctx.currentTime;\n var end = currentTime + len / 1000;\n sound._volume = from;\n sound._node.gain.setValueAtTime(from, currentTime);\n sound._node.gain.linearRampToValueAtTime(to, end);\n }\n self._startFadeInterval(sound, from, to, len, ids[i], typeof id === 'undefined');\n }\n }\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Starts the internal interval to fade a sound.\n * @param {Object} sound Reference to sound to fade.\n * @param {Number} from The value to fade from (0.0 to 1.0).\n * @param {Number} to The volume to fade to (0.0 to 1.0).\n * @param {Number} len Time in milliseconds to fade.\n * @param {Number} id The sound id to fade.\n * @param {Boolean} isGroup If true, set the volume on the group.\n */\n _startFadeInterval: function (sound, from, to, len, id, isGroup) {\n var self = this;\n var vol = from;\n var diff = to - from;\n var steps = Math.abs(diff / 0.01);\n var stepLen = Math.max(4, steps > 0 ? len / steps : len);\n var lastTick = Date.now();\n\n // Store the value being faded to.\n sound._fadeTo = to;\n\n // Update the volume value on each interval tick.\n sound._interval = setInterval(function () {\n // Update the volume based on the time since the last tick.\n var tick = (Date.now() - lastTick) / len;\n lastTick = Date.now();\n vol += diff * tick;\n\n // Round to within 2 decimal points.\n vol = Math.round(vol * 100) / 100;\n\n // Make sure the volume is in the right bounds.\n if (diff < 0) {\n vol = Math.max(to, vol);\n } else {\n vol = Math.min(to, vol);\n }\n\n // Change the volume.\n if (self._webAudio) {\n sound._volume = vol;\n } else {\n self.volume(vol, sound._id, true);\n }\n\n // Set the group's volume.\n if (isGroup) {\n self._volume = vol;\n }\n\n // When the fade is complete, stop it and fire event.\n if (to < from && vol <= to || to > from && vol >= to) {\n clearInterval(sound._interval);\n sound._interval = null;\n sound._fadeTo = null;\n self.volume(to, sound._id);\n self._emit('fade', sound._id);\n }\n }, stepLen);\n },\n /**\n * Internal method that stops the currently playing fade when\n * a new fade starts, volume is changed or the sound is stopped.\n * @param {Number} id The sound id.\n * @return {Howl}\n */\n _stopFade: function (id) {\n var self = this;\n var sound = self._soundById(id);\n if (sound && sound._interval) {\n if (self._webAudio) {\n sound._node.gain.cancelScheduledValues(Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n }\n clearInterval(sound._interval);\n sound._interval = null;\n self.volume(sound._fadeTo, id);\n sound._fadeTo = null;\n self._emit('fade', id);\n }\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Get/set the loop parameter on a sound. This method can optionally take 0, 1 or 2 arguments.\n * loop() -> Returns the group's loop value.\n * loop(id) -> Returns the sound id's loop value.\n * loop(loop) -> Sets the loop value for all sounds in this Howl group.\n * loop(loop, id) -> Sets the loop value of passed sound id.\n * @return {Howl/Boolean} Returns self or current loop value.\n */\n loop: function () {\n var self = this;\n var args = arguments;\n var loop, id, sound;\n\n // Determine the values for loop and id.\n if (args.length === 0) {\n // Return the grou's loop value.\n return self._loop;\n } else if (args.length === 1) {\n if (typeof args[0] === 'boolean') {\n loop = args[0];\n self._loop = loop;\n } else {\n // Return this sound's loop value.\n sound = self._soundById(parseInt(args[0], 10));\n return sound ? sound._loop : false;\n }\n } else if (args.length === 2) {\n loop = args[0];\n id = parseInt(args[1], 10);\n }\n\n // If no id is passed, get all ID's to be looped.\n var ids = self._getSoundIds(id);\n for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {\n sound = self._soundById(ids[i]);\n if (sound) {\n sound._loop = loop;\n if (self._webAudio && sound._node && sound._node.bufferSource) {\n sound._node.bufferSource.loop = loop;\n if (loop) {\n sound._node.bufferSource.loopStart = sound._start || 0;\n sound._node.bufferSource.loopEnd = sound._stop;\n\n // If playing, restart playback to ensure looping updates.\n if (self.playing(ids[i])) {\n self.pause(ids[i], true);\n self.play(ids[i], true);\n }\n }\n }\n }\n }\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Get/set the playback rate of a sound. This method can optionally take 0, 1 or 2 arguments.\n * rate() -> Returns the first sound node's current playback rate.\n * rate(id) -> Returns the sound id's current playback rate.\n * rate(rate) -> Sets the playback rate of all sounds in this Howl group.\n * rate(rate, id) -> Sets the playback rate of passed sound id.\n * @return {Howl/Number} Returns self or the current playback rate.\n */\n rate: function () {\n var self = this;\n var args = arguments;\n var rate, id;\n\n // Determine the values based on arguments.\n if (args.length === 0) {\n // We will simply return the current rate of the first node.\n id = self._sounds[0]._id;\n } else if (args.length === 1) {\n // First check if this is an ID, and if not, assume it is a new rate value.\n var ids = self._getSoundIds();\n var index = ids.indexOf(args[0]);\n if (index >= 0) {\n id = parseInt(args[0], 10);\n } else {\n rate = parseFloat(args[0]);\n }\n } else if (args.length === 2) {\n rate = parseFloat(args[0]);\n id = parseInt(args[1], 10);\n }\n\n // Update the playback rate or return the current value.\n var sound;\n if (typeof rate === 'number') {\n // If the sound hasn't loaded, add it to the load queue to change playback rate when capable.\n if (self._state !== 'loaded' || self._playLock) {\n self._queue.push({\n event: 'rate',\n action: function () {\n self.rate.apply(self, args);\n }\n });\n return self;\n }\n\n // Set the group rate.\n if (typeof id === 'undefined') {\n self._rate = rate;\n }\n\n // Update one or all volumes.\n id = self._getSoundIds(id);\n for (var i = 0; i < id.length; i++) {\n // Get the sound.\n sound = self._soundById(id[i]);\n if (sound) {\n // Keep track of our position when the rate changed and update the playback\n // start position so we can properly adjust the seek position for time elapsed.\n if (self.playing(id[i])) {\n sound._rateSeek = self.seek(id[i]);\n sound._playStart = self._webAudio ? Howler.ctx.currentTime : sound._playStart;\n }\n sound._rate = rate;\n\n // Change the playback rate.\n if (self._webAudio && sound._node && sound._node.bufferSource) {\n sound._node.bufferSource.playbackRate.setValueAtTime(rate, Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n } else if (sound._node) {\n sound._node.playbackRate = rate;\n }\n\n // Reset the timers.\n var seek = self.seek(id[i]);\n var duration = (self._sprite[sound._sprite][0] + self._sprite[sound._sprite][1]) / 1000 - seek;\n var timeout = duration * 1000 / Math.abs(sound._rate);\n\n // Start a new end timer if sound is already playing.\n if (self._endTimers[id[i]] || !sound._paused) {\n self._clearTimer(id[i]);\n self._endTimers[id[i]] = setTimeout(self._ended.bind(self, sound), timeout);\n }\n self._emit('rate', sound._id);\n }\n }\n } else {\n sound = self._soundById(id);\n return sound ? sound._rate : self._rate;\n }\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Get/set the seek position of a sound. This method can optionally take 0, 1 or 2 arguments.\n * seek() -> Returns the first sound node's current seek position.\n * seek(id) -> Returns the sound id's current seek position.\n * seek(seek) -> Sets the seek position of the first sound node.\n * seek(seek, id) -> Sets the seek position of passed sound id.\n * @return {Howl/Number} Returns self or the current seek position.\n */\n seek: function () {\n var self = this;\n var args = arguments;\n var seek, id;\n\n // Determine the values based on arguments.\n if (args.length === 0) {\n // We will simply return the current position of the first node.\n if (self._sounds.length) {\n id = self._sounds[0]._id;\n }\n } else if (args.length === 1) {\n // First check if this is an ID, and if not, assume it is a new seek position.\n var ids = self._getSoundIds();\n var index = ids.indexOf(args[0]);\n if (index >= 0) {\n id = parseInt(args[0], 10);\n } else if (self._sounds.length) {\n id = self._sounds[0]._id;\n seek = parseFloat(args[0]);\n }\n } else if (args.length === 2) {\n seek = parseFloat(args[0]);\n id = parseInt(args[1], 10);\n }\n\n // If there is no ID, bail out.\n if (typeof id === 'undefined') {\n return 0;\n }\n\n // If the sound hasn't loaded, add it to the load queue to seek when capable.\n if (typeof seek === 'number' && (self._state !== 'loaded' || self._playLock)) {\n self._queue.push({\n event: 'seek',\n action: function () {\n self.seek.apply(self, args);\n }\n });\n return self;\n }\n\n // Get the sound.\n var sound = self._soundById(id);\n if (sound) {\n if (typeof seek === 'number' && seek >= 0) {\n // Pause the sound and update position for restarting playback.\n var playing = self.playing(id);\n if (playing) {\n self.pause(id, true);\n }\n\n // Move the position of the track and cancel timer.\n sound._seek = seek;\n sound._ended = false;\n self._clearTimer(id);\n\n // Update the seek position for HTML5 Audio.\n if (!self._webAudio && sound._node && !isNaN(sound._node.duration)) {\n sound._node.currentTime = seek;\n }\n\n // Seek and emit when ready.\n var seekAndEmit = function () {\n // Restart the playback if the sound was playing.\n if (playing) {\n self.play(id, true);\n }\n self._emit('seek', id);\n };\n\n // Wait for the play lock to be unset before emitting (HTML5 Audio).\n if (playing && !self._webAudio) {\n var emitSeek = function () {\n if (!self._playLock) {\n seekAndEmit();\n } else {\n setTimeout(emitSeek, 0);\n }\n };\n setTimeout(emitSeek, 0);\n } else {\n seekAndEmit();\n }\n } else {\n if (self._webAudio) {\n var realTime = self.playing(id) ? Howler.ctx.currentTime - sound._playStart : 0;\n var rateSeek = sound._rateSeek ? sound._rateSeek - sound._seek : 0;\n return sound._seek + (rateSeek + realTime * Math.abs(sound._rate));\n } else {\n return sound._node.currentTime;\n }\n }\n }\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Check if a specific sound is currently playing or not (if id is provided), or check if at least one of the sounds in the group is playing or not.\n * @param {Number} id The sound id to check. If none is passed, the whole sound group is checked.\n * @return {Boolean} True if playing and false if not.\n */\n playing: function (id) {\n var self = this;\n\n // Check the passed sound ID (if any).\n if (typeof id === 'number') {\n var sound = self._soundById(id);\n return sound ? !sound._paused : false;\n }\n\n // Otherwise, loop through all sounds and check if any are playing.\n for (var i = 0; i < self._sounds.length; i++) {\n if (!self._sounds[i]._paused) {\n return true;\n }\n }\n return false;\n },\n /**\n * Get the duration of this sound. Passing a sound id will return the sprite duration.\n * @param {Number} id The sound id to check. If none is passed, return full source duration.\n * @return {Number} Audio duration in seconds.\n */\n duration: function (id) {\n var self = this;\n var duration = self._duration;\n\n // If we pass an ID, get the sound and return the sprite length.\n var sound = self._soundById(id);\n if (sound) {\n duration = self._sprite[sound._sprite][1] / 1000;\n }\n return duration;\n },\n /**\n * Returns the current loaded state of this Howl.\n * @return {String} 'unloaded', 'loading', 'loaded'\n */\n state: function () {\n return this._state;\n },\n /**\n * Unload and destroy the current Howl object.\n * This will immediately stop all sound instances attached to this group.\n */\n unload: function () {\n var self = this;\n\n // Stop playing any active sounds.\n var sounds = self._sounds;\n for (var i = 0; i < sounds.length; i++) {\n // Stop the sound if it is currently playing.\n if (!sounds[i]._paused) {\n self.stop(sounds[i]._id);\n }\n\n // Remove the source or disconnect.\n if (!self._webAudio) {\n // Set the source to 0-second silence to stop any downloading (except in IE).\n self._clearSound(sounds[i]._node);\n\n // Remove any event listeners.\n sounds[i]._node.removeEventListener('error', sounds[i]._errorFn, false);\n sounds[i]._node.removeEventListener(Howler._canPlayEvent, sounds[i]._loadFn, false);\n sounds[i]._node.removeEventListener('ended', sounds[i]._endFn, false);\n\n // Release the Audio object back to the pool.\n Howler._releaseHtml5Audio(sounds[i]._node);\n }\n\n // Empty out all of the nodes.\n delete sounds[i]._node;\n\n // Make sure all timers are cleared out.\n self._clearTimer(sounds[i]._id);\n }\n\n // Remove the references in the global Howler object.\n var index = Howler._howls.indexOf(self);\n if (index >= 0) {\n Howler._howls.splice(index, 1);\n }\n\n // Delete this sound from the cache (if no other Howl is using it).\n var remCache = true;\n for (i = 0; i < Howler._howls.length; i++) {\n if (Howler._howls[i]._src === self._src || self._src.indexOf(Howler._howls[i]._src) >= 0) {\n remCache = false;\n break;\n }\n }\n if (cache && remCache) {\n delete cache[self._src];\n }\n\n // Clear global errors.\n Howler.noAudio = false;\n\n // Clear out `self`.\n self._state = 'unloaded';\n self._sounds = [];\n self = null;\n return null;\n },\n /**\n * Listen to a custom event.\n * @param {String} event Event name.\n * @param {Function} fn Listener to call.\n * @param {Number} id (optional) Only listen to events for this sound.\n * @param {Number} once (INTERNAL) Marks event to fire only once.\n * @return {Howl}\n */\n on: function (event, fn, id, once) {\n var self = this;\n var events = self['_on' + event];\n if (typeof fn === 'function') {\n events.push(once ? {\n id: id,\n fn: fn,\n once: once\n } : {\n id: id,\n fn: fn\n });\n }\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Remove a custom event. Call without parameters to remove all events.\n * @param {String} event Event name.\n * @param {Function} fn Listener to remove. Leave empty to remove all.\n * @param {Number} id (optional) Only remove events for this sound.\n * @return {Howl}\n */\n off: function (event, fn, id) {\n var self = this;\n var events = self['_on' + event];\n var i = 0;\n\n // Allow passing just an event and ID.\n if (typeof fn === 'number') {\n id = fn;\n fn = null;\n }\n if (fn || id) {\n // Loop through event store and remove the passed function.\n for (i = 0; i < events.length; i++) {\n var isId = id === events[i].id;\n if (fn === events[i].fn && isId || !fn && isId) {\n events.splice(i, 1);\n break;\n }\n }\n } else if (event) {\n // Clear out all events of this type.\n self['_on' + event] = [];\n } else {\n // Clear out all events of every type.\n var keys = Object.keys(self);\n for (i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {\n if (keys[i].indexOf('_on') === 0 && Array.isArray(self[keys[i]])) {\n self[keys[i]] = [];\n }\n }\n }\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Listen to a custom event and remove it once fired.\n * @param {String} event Event name.\n * @param {Function} fn Listener to call.\n * @param {Number} id (optional) Only listen to events for this sound.\n * @return {Howl}\n */\n once: function (event, fn, id) {\n var self = this;\n\n // Setup the event listener.\n self.on(event, fn, id, 1);\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Emit all events of a specific type and pass the sound id.\n * @param {String} event Event name.\n * @param {Number} id Sound ID.\n * @param {Number} msg Message to go with event.\n * @return {Howl}\n */\n _emit: function (event, id, msg) {\n var self = this;\n var events = self['_on' + event];\n\n // Loop through event store and fire all functions.\n for (var i = events.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\n // Only fire the listener if the correct ID is used.\n if (!events[i].id || events[i].id === id || event === 'load') {\n setTimeout(function (fn) {\n fn.call(this, id, msg);\n }.bind(self, events[i].fn), 0);\n\n // If this event was setup with `once`, remove it.\n if (events[i].once) {\n self.off(event, events[i].fn, events[i].id);\n }\n }\n }\n\n // Pass the event type into load queue so that it can continue stepping.\n self._loadQueue(event);\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Queue of actions initiated before the sound has loaded.\n * These will be called in sequence, with the next only firing\n * after the previous has finished executing (even if async like play).\n * @return {Howl}\n */\n _loadQueue: function (event) {\n var self = this;\n if (self._queue.length > 0) {\n var task = self._queue[0];\n\n // Remove this task if a matching event was passed.\n if (task.event === event) {\n self._queue.shift();\n self._loadQueue();\n }\n\n // Run the task if no event type is passed.\n if (!event) {\n task.action();\n }\n }\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Fired when playback ends at the end of the duration.\n * @param {Sound} sound The sound object to work with.\n * @return {Howl}\n */\n _ended: function (sound) {\n var self = this;\n var sprite = sound._sprite;\n\n // If we are using IE and there was network latency we may be clipping\n // audio before it completes playing. Lets check the node to make sure it\n // believes it has completed, before ending the playback.\n if (!self._webAudio && sound._node && !sound._node.paused && !sound._node.ended && sound._node.currentTime < sound._stop) {\n setTimeout(self._ended.bind(self, sound), 100);\n return self;\n }\n\n // Should this sound loop?\n var loop = !!(sound._loop || self._sprite[sprite][2]);\n\n // Fire the ended event.\n self._emit('end', sound._id);\n\n // Restart the playback for HTML5 Audio loop.\n if (!self._webAudio && loop) {\n self.stop(sound._id, true).play(sound._id);\n }\n\n // Restart this timer if on a Web Audio loop.\n if (self._webAudio && loop) {\n self._emit('play', sound._id);\n sound._seek = sound._start || 0;\n sound._rateSeek = 0;\n sound._playStart = Howler.ctx.currentTime;\n var timeout = (sound._stop - sound._start) * 1000 / Math.abs(sound._rate);\n self._endTimers[sound._id] = setTimeout(self._ended.bind(self, sound), timeout);\n }\n\n // Mark the node as paused.\n if (self._webAudio && !loop) {\n sound._paused = true;\n sound._ended = true;\n sound._seek = sound._start || 0;\n sound._rateSeek = 0;\n self._clearTimer(sound._id);\n\n // Clean up the buffer source.\n self._cleanBuffer(sound._node);\n\n // Attempt to auto-suspend AudioContext if no sounds are still playing.\n Howler._autoSuspend();\n }\n\n // When using a sprite, end the track.\n if (!self._webAudio && !loop) {\n self.stop(sound._id, true);\n }\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Clear the end timer for a sound playback.\n * @param {Number} id The sound ID.\n * @return {Howl}\n */\n _clearTimer: function (id) {\n var self = this;\n if (self._endTimers[id]) {\n // Clear the timeout or remove the ended listener.\n if (typeof self._endTimers[id] !== 'function') {\n clearTimeout(self._endTimers[id]);\n } else {\n var sound = self._soundById(id);\n if (sound && sound._node) {\n sound._node.removeEventListener('ended', self._endTimers[id], false);\n }\n }\n delete self._endTimers[id];\n }\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Return the sound identified by this ID, or return null.\n * @param {Number} id Sound ID\n * @return {Object} Sound object or null.\n */\n _soundById: function (id) {\n var self = this;\n\n // Loop through all sounds and find the one with this ID.\n for (var i = 0; i < self._sounds.length; i++) {\n if (id === self._sounds[i]._id) {\n return self._sounds[i];\n }\n }\n return null;\n },\n /**\n * Return an inactive sound from the pool or create a new one.\n * @return {Sound} Sound playback object.\n */\n _inactiveSound: function () {\n var self = this;\n self._drain();\n\n // Find the first inactive node to recycle.\n for (var i = 0; i < self._sounds.length; i++) {\n if (self._sounds[i]._ended) {\n return self._sounds[i].reset();\n }\n }\n\n // If no inactive node was found, create a new one.\n return new Sound(self);\n },\n /**\n * Drain excess inactive sounds from the pool.\n */\n _drain: function () {\n var self = this;\n var limit = self._pool;\n var cnt = 0;\n var i = 0;\n\n // If there are less sounds than the max pool size, we are done.\n if (self._sounds.length < limit) {\n return;\n }\n\n // Count the number of inactive sounds.\n for (i = 0; i < self._sounds.length; i++) {\n if (self._sounds[i]._ended) {\n cnt++;\n }\n }\n\n // Remove excess inactive sounds, going in reverse order.\n for (i = self._sounds.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\n if (cnt <= limit) {\n return;\n }\n if (self._sounds[i]._ended) {\n // Disconnect the audio source when using Web Audio.\n if (self._webAudio && self._sounds[i]._node) {\n self._sounds[i]._node.disconnect(0);\n }\n\n // Remove sounds until we have the pool size.\n self._sounds.splice(i, 1);\n cnt--;\n }\n }\n },\n /**\n * Get all ID's from the sounds pool.\n * @param {Number} id Only return one ID if one is passed.\n * @return {Array} Array of IDs.\n */\n _getSoundIds: function (id) {\n var self = this;\n if (typeof id === 'undefined') {\n var ids = [];\n for (var i = 0; i < self._sounds.length; i++) {\n ids.push(self._sounds[i]._id);\n }\n return ids;\n } else {\n return [id];\n }\n },\n /**\n * Load the sound back into the buffer source.\n * @param {Sound} sound The sound object to work with.\n * @return {Howl}\n */\n _refreshBuffer: function (sound) {\n var self = this;\n\n // Setup the buffer source for playback.\n sound._node.bufferSource = Howler.ctx.createBufferSource();\n sound._node.bufferSource.buffer = cache[self._src];\n\n // Connect to the correct node.\n if (sound._panner) {\n sound._node.bufferSource.connect(sound._panner);\n } else {\n sound._node.bufferSource.connect(sound._node);\n }\n\n // Setup looping and playback rate.\n sound._node.bufferSource.loop = sound._loop;\n if (sound._loop) {\n sound._node.bufferSource.loopStart = sound._start || 0;\n sound._node.bufferSource.loopEnd = sound._stop || 0;\n }\n sound._node.bufferSource.playbackRate.setValueAtTime(sound._rate, Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Prevent memory leaks by cleaning up the buffer source after playback.\n * @param {Object} node Sound's audio node containing the buffer source.\n * @return {Howl}\n */\n _cleanBuffer: function (node) {\n var self = this;\n var isIOS = Howler._navigator && Howler._navigator.vendor.indexOf('Apple') >= 0;\n if (Howler._scratchBuffer && node.bufferSource) {\n node.bufferSource.onended = null;\n node.bufferSource.disconnect(0);\n if (isIOS) {\n try {\n node.bufferSource.buffer = Howler._scratchBuffer;\n } catch (e) {}\n }\n }\n node.bufferSource = null;\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Set the source to a 0-second silence to stop any downloading (except in IE).\n * @param {Object} node Audio node to clear.\n */\n _clearSound: function (node) {\n var checkIE = /MSIE |Trident\\//.test(Howler._navigator && Howler._navigator.userAgent);\n if (!checkIE) {\n node.src = 'data:audio/wav;base64,UklGRigAAABXQVZFZm10IBIAAAABAAEARKwAAIhYAQACABAAAABkYXRhAgAAAAEA';\n }\n }\n };\n\n /** Single Sound Methods **/\n /***************************************************************************/\n\n /**\n * Setup the sound object, which each node attached to a Howl group is contained in.\n * @param {Object} howl The Howl parent group.\n */\n var Sound = function (howl) {\n this._parent = howl;\n this.init();\n };\n Sound.prototype = {\n /**\n * Initialize a new Sound object.\n * @return {Sound}\n */\n init: function () {\n var self = this;\n var parent = self._parent;\n\n // Setup the default parameters.\n self._muted = parent._muted;\n self._loop = parent._loop;\n self._volume = parent._volume;\n self._rate = parent._rate;\n self._seek = 0;\n self._paused = true;\n self._ended = true;\n self._sprite = '__default';\n\n // Generate a unique ID for this sound.\n self._id = ++Howler._counter;\n\n // Add itself to the parent's pool.\n parent._sounds.push(self);\n\n // Create the new node.\n self.create();\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Create and setup a new sound object, whether HTML5 Audio or Web Audio.\n * @return {Sound}\n */\n create: function () {\n var self = this;\n var parent = self._parent;\n var volume = Howler._muted || self._muted || self._parent._muted ? 0 : self._volume;\n if (parent._webAudio) {\n // Create the gain node for controlling volume (the source will connect to this).\n self._node = typeof Howler.ctx.createGain === 'undefined' ? Howler.ctx.createGainNode() : Howler.ctx.createGain();\n self._node.gain.setValueAtTime(volume, Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n self._node.paused = true;\n self._node.connect(Howler.masterGain);\n } else if (!Howler.noAudio) {\n // Get an unlocked Audio object from the pool.\n self._node = Howler._obtainHtml5Audio();\n\n // Listen for errors (http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec-author-view/spec.html#mediaerror).\n self._errorFn = self._errorListener.bind(self);\n self._node.addEventListener('error', self._errorFn, false);\n\n // Listen for 'canplaythrough' event to let us know the sound is ready.\n self._loadFn = self._loadListener.bind(self);\n self._node.addEventListener(Howler._canPlayEvent, self._loadFn, false);\n\n // Listen for the 'ended' event on the sound to account for edge-case where\n // a finite sound has a duration of Infinity.\n self._endFn = self._endListener.bind(self);\n self._node.addEventListener('ended', self._endFn, false);\n\n // Setup the new audio node.\n self._node.src = parent._src;\n self._node.preload = parent._preload === true ? 'auto' : parent._preload;\n self._node.volume = volume * Howler.volume();\n\n // Begin loading the source.\n self._node.load();\n }\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * Reset the parameters of this sound to the original state (for recycle).\n * @return {Sound}\n */\n reset: function () {\n var self = this;\n var parent = self._parent;\n\n // Reset all of the parameters of this sound.\n self._muted = parent._muted;\n self._loop = parent._loop;\n self._volume = parent._volume;\n self._rate = parent._rate;\n self._seek = 0;\n self._rateSeek = 0;\n self._paused = true;\n self._ended = true;\n self._sprite = '__default';\n\n // Generate a new ID so that it isn't confused with the previous sound.\n self._id = ++Howler._counter;\n return self;\n },\n /**\n * HTML5 Audio error listener callback.\n */\n _errorListener: function () {\n var self = this;\n\n // Fire an error event and pass back the code.\n self._parent._emit('loaderror', self._id, self._node.error ? self._node.error.code : 0);\n\n // Clear the event listener.\n self._node.removeEventListener('error', self._errorFn, false);\n },\n /**\n * HTML5 Audio canplaythrough listener callback.\n */\n _loadListener: function () {\n var self = this;\n var parent = self._parent;\n\n // Round up the duration to account for the lower precision in HTML5 Audio.\n parent._duration = Math.ceil(self._node.duration * 10) / 10;\n\n // Setup a sprite if none is defined.\n if (Object.keys(parent._sprite).length === 0) {\n parent._sprite = {\n __default: [0, parent._duration * 1000]\n };\n }\n if (parent._state !== 'loaded') {\n parent._state = 'loaded';\n parent._emit('load');\n parent._loadQueue();\n }\n\n // Clear the event listener.\n self._node.removeEventListener(Howler._canPlayEvent, self._loadFn, false);\n },\n /**\n * HTML5 Audio ended listener callback.\n */\n _endListener: function () {\n var self = this;\n var parent = self._parent;\n\n // Only handle the `ended`` event if the duration is Infinity.\n if (parent._duration === Infinity) {\n // Update the parent duration to match the real audio duration.\n // Round up the duration to account for the lower precision in HTML5 Audio.\n parent._duration = Math.ceil(self._node.duration * 10) / 10;\n\n // Update the sprite that corresponds to the real duration.\n if (parent._sprite.__default[1] === Infinity) {\n parent._sprite.__default[1] = parent._duration * 1000;\n }\n\n // Run the regular ended method.\n parent._ended(self);\n }\n\n // Clear the event listener since the duration is now correct.\n self._node.removeEventListener('ended', self._endFn, false);\n }\n };\n\n /** Helper Methods **/\n /***************************************************************************/\n\n var cache = {};\n\n /**\n * Buffer a sound from URL, Data URI or cache and decode to audio source (Web Audio API).\n * @param {Howl} self\n */\n var loadBuffer = function (self) {\n var url = self._src;\n\n // Check if the buffer has already been cached and use it instead.\n if (cache[url]) {\n // Set the duration from the cache.\n self._duration = cache[url].duration;\n\n // Load the sound into this Howl.\n loadSound(self);\n return;\n }\n if (/^data:[^;]+;base64,/.test(url)) {\n // Decode the base64 data URI without XHR, since some browsers don't support it.\n var data = atob(url.split(',')[1]);\n var dataView = new Uint8Array(data.length);\n for (var i = 0; i < data.length; ++i) {\n dataView[i] = data.charCodeAt(i);\n }\n decodeAudioData(dataView.buffer, self);\n } else {\n // Load the buffer from the URL.\n var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();\n xhr.open(self._xhr.method, url, true);\n xhr.withCredentials = self._xhr.withCredentials;\n xhr.responseType = 'arraybuffer';\n\n // Apply any custom headers to the request.\n if (self._xhr.headers) {\n Object.keys(self._xhr.headers).forEach(function (key) {\n xhr.setRequestHeader(key, self._xhr.headers[key]);\n });\n }\n xhr.onload = function () {\n // Make sure we get a successful response back.\n var code = (xhr.status + '')[0];\n if (code !== '0' && code !== '2' && code !== '3') {\n self._emit('loaderror', null, 'Failed loading audio file with status: ' + xhr.status + '.');\n return;\n }\n decodeAudioData(xhr.response, self);\n };\n xhr.onerror = function () {\n // If there is an error, switch to HTML5 Audio.\n if (self._webAudio) {\n self._html5 = true;\n self._webAudio = false;\n self._sounds = [];\n delete cache[url];\n self.load();\n }\n };\n safeXhrSend(xhr);\n }\n };\n\n /**\n * Send the XHR request wrapped in a try/catch.\n * @param {Object} xhr XHR to send.\n */\n var safeXhrSend = function (xhr) {\n try {\n xhr.send();\n } catch (e) {\n xhr.onerror();\n }\n };\n\n /**\n * Decode audio data from an array buffer.\n * @param {ArrayBuffer} arraybuffer The audio data.\n * @param {Howl} self\n */\n var decodeAudioData = function (arraybuffer, self) {\n // Fire a load error if something broke.\n var error = function () {\n self._emit('loaderror', null, 'Decoding audio data failed.');\n };\n\n // Load the sound on success.\n var success = function (buffer) {\n if (buffer && self._sounds.length > 0) {\n cache[self._src] = buffer;\n loadSound(self, buffer);\n } else {\n error();\n }\n };\n\n // Decode the buffer into an audio source.\n if (typeof Promise !== 'undefined' && Howler.ctx.decodeAudioData.length === 1) {\n Howler.ctx.decodeAudioData(arraybuffer).then(success).catch(error);\n } else {\n Howler.ctx.decodeAudioData(arraybuffer, success, error);\n }\n };\n\n /**\n * Sound is now loaded, so finish setting everything up and fire the loaded event.\n * @param {Howl} self\n * @param {Object} buffer The decoded buffer sound source.\n */\n var loadSound = function (self, buffer) {\n // Set the duration.\n if (buffer && !self._duration) {\n self._duration = buffer.duration;\n }\n\n // Setup a sprite if none is defined.\n if (Object.keys(self._sprite).length === 0) {\n self._sprite = {\n __default: [0, self._duration * 1000]\n };\n }\n\n // Fire the loaded event.\n if (self._state !== 'loaded') {\n self._state = 'loaded';\n self._emit('load');\n self._loadQueue();\n }\n };\n\n /**\n * Setup the audio context when available, or switch to HTML5 Audio mode.\n */\n var setupAudioContext = function () {\n // If we have already detected that Web Audio isn't supported, don't run this step again.\n if (!Howler.usingWebAudio) {\n return;\n }\n\n // Check if we are using Web Audio and setup the AudioContext if we are.\n try {\n if (typeof AudioContext !== 'undefined') {\n Howler.ctx = new AudioContext();\n } else if (typeof webkitAudioContext !== 'undefined') {\n Howler.ctx = new webkitAudioContext();\n } else {\n Howler.usingWebAudio = false;\n }\n } catch (e) {\n Howler.usingWebAudio = false;\n }\n\n // If the audio context creation still failed, set using web audio to false.\n if (!Howler.ctx) {\n Howler.usingWebAudio = false;\n }\n\n // Check if a webview is being used on iOS8 or earlier (rather than the browser).\n // If it is, disable Web Audio as it causes crashing.\n var iOS = /iP(hone|od|ad)/.test(Howler._navigator && Howler._navigator.platform);\n var appVersion = Howler._navigator && Howler._navigator.appVersion.match(/OS (\\d+)_(\\d+)_?(\\d+)?/);\n var version = appVersion ? parseInt(appVersion[1], 10) : null;\n if (iOS && version && version < 9) {\n var safari = /safari/.test(Howler._navigator && Howler._navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase());\n if (Howler._navigator && !safari) {\n Howler.usingWebAudio = false;\n }\n }\n\n // Create and expose the master GainNode when using Web Audio (useful for plugins or advanced usage).\n if (Howler.usingWebAudio) {\n Howler.masterGain = typeof Howler.ctx.createGain === 'undefined' ? Howler.ctx.createGainNode() : Howler.ctx.createGain();\n Howler.masterGain.gain.setValueAtTime(Howler._muted ? 0 : Howler._volume, Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n Howler.masterGain.connect(Howler.ctx.destination);\n }\n\n // Re-run the setup on Howler.\n Howler._setup();\n };\n\n // Add support for AMD (Asynchronous Module Definition) libraries such as require.js.\n if (typeof define === 'function' && define.amd) {\n define([], function () {\n return {\n Howler: Howler,\n Howl: Howl\n };\n });\n }\n\n // Add support for CommonJS libraries such as browserify.\n if (typeof exports !== 'undefined') {\n exports.Howler = Howler;\n exports.Howl = Howl;\n }\n\n // Add to global in Node.js (for testing, etc).\n if (typeof global !== 'undefined') {\n global.HowlerGlobal = HowlerGlobal;\n global.Howler = Howler;\n global.Howl = Howl;\n global.Sound = Sound;\n } else if (typeof window !== 'undefined') {\n // Define globally in case AMD is not available or unused.\n window.HowlerGlobal = HowlerGlobal;\n window.Howler = Howler;\n window.Howl = Howl;\n window.Sound = Sound;\n }\n})();\n\n/*!\n * Spatial Plugin - Adds support for stereo and 3D audio where Web Audio is supported.\n * \n * howler.js v2.2.3\n * howlerjs.com\n *\n * (c) 2013-2020, James Simpson of GoldFire Studios\n * goldfirestudios.com\n *\n * MIT License\n */\n\n(function () {\n 'use strict';\n\n // Setup default properties.\n HowlerGlobal.prototype._pos = [0, 0, 0];\n HowlerGlobal.prototype._orientation = [0, 0, -1, 0, 1, 0];\n\n /** Global Methods **/\n /***************************************************************************/\n\n /**\n * Helper method to update the stereo panning position of all current Howls.\n * Future Howls will not use this value unless explicitly set.\n * @param {Number} pan A value of -1.0 is all the way left and 1.0 is all the way right.\n * @return {Howler/Number} Self or current stereo panning value.\n */\n HowlerGlobal.prototype.stereo = function (pan) {\n var self = this;\n\n // Stop right here if not using Web Audio.\n if (!self.ctx || !self.ctx.listener) {\n return self;\n }\n\n // Loop through all Howls and update their stereo panning.\n for (var i = self._howls.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\n self._howls[i].stereo(pan);\n }\n return self;\n };\n\n /**\n * Get/set the position of the listener in 3D cartesian space. Sounds using\n * 3D position will be relative to the listener's position.\n * @param {Number} x The x-position of the listener.\n * @param {Number} y The y-position of the listener.\n * @param {Number} z The z-position of the listener.\n * @return {Howler/Array} Self or current listener position.\n */\n HowlerGlobal.prototype.pos = function (x, y, z) {\n var self = this;\n\n // Stop right here if not using Web Audio.\n if (!self.ctx || !self.ctx.listener) {\n return self;\n }\n\n // Set the defaults for optional 'y' & 'z'.\n y = typeof y !== 'number' ? self._pos[1] : y;\n z = typeof z !== 'number' ? self._pos[2] : z;\n if (typeof x === 'number') {\n self._pos = [x, y, z];\n if (typeof self.ctx.listener.positionX !== 'undefined') {\n self.ctx.listener.positionX.setTargetAtTime(self._pos[0], Howler.ctx.currentTime, 0.1);\n self.ctx.listener.positionY.setTargetAtTime(self._pos[1], Howler.ctx.currentTime, 0.1);\n self.ctx.listener.positionZ.setTargetAtTime(self._pos[2], Howler.ctx.currentTime, 0.1);\n } else {\n self.ctx.listener.setPosition(self._pos[0], self._pos[1], self._pos[2]);\n }\n } else {\n return self._pos;\n }\n return self;\n };\n\n /**\n * Get/set the direction the listener is pointing in the 3D cartesian space.\n * A front and up vector must be provided. The front is the direction the\n * face of the listener is pointing, and up is the direction the top of the\n * listener is pointing. Thus, these values are expected to be at right angles\n * from each other.\n * @param {Number} x The x-orientation of the listener.\n * @param {Number} y The y-orientation of the listener.\n * @param {Number} z The z-orientation of the listener.\n * @param {Number} xUp The x-orientation of the top of the listener.\n * @param {Number} yUp The y-orientation of the top of the listener.\n * @param {Number} zUp The z-orientation of the top of the listener.\n * @return {Howler/Array} Returns self or the current orientation vectors.\n */\n HowlerGlobal.prototype.orientation = function (x, y, z, xUp, yUp, zUp) {\n var self = this;\n\n // Stop right here if not using Web Audio.\n if (!self.ctx || !self.ctx.listener) {\n return self;\n }\n\n // Set the defaults for optional 'y' & 'z'.\n var or = self._orientation;\n y = typeof y !== 'number' ? or[1] : y;\n z = typeof z !== 'number' ? or[2] : z;\n xUp = typeof xUp !== 'number' ? or[3] : xUp;\n yUp = typeof yUp !== 'number' ? or[4] : yUp;\n zUp = typeof zUp !== 'number' ? or[5] : zUp;\n if (typeof x === 'number') {\n self._orientation = [x, y, z, xUp, yUp, zUp];\n if (typeof self.ctx.listener.forwardX !== 'undefined') {\n self.ctx.listener.forwardX.setTargetAtTime(x, Howler.ctx.currentTime, 0.1);\n self.ctx.listener.forwardY.setTargetAtTime(y, Howler.ctx.currentTime, 0.1);\n self.ctx.listener.forwardZ.setTargetAtTime(z, Howler.ctx.currentTime, 0.1);\n self.ctx.listener.upX.setTargetAtTime(xUp, Howler.ctx.currentTime, 0.1);\n self.ctx.listener.upY.setTargetAtTime(yUp, Howler.ctx.currentTime, 0.1);\n self.ctx.listener.upZ.setTargetAtTime(zUp, Howler.ctx.currentTime, 0.1);\n } else {\n self.ctx.listener.setOrientation(x, y, z, xUp, yUp, zUp);\n }\n } else {\n return or;\n }\n return self;\n };\n\n /** Group Methods **/\n /***************************************************************************/\n\n /**\n * Add new properties to the core init.\n * @param {Function} _super Core init method.\n * @return {Howl}\n */\n Howl.prototype.init = function (_super) {\n return function (o) {\n var self = this;\n\n // Setup user-defined default properties.\n self._orientation = o.orientation || [1, 0, 0];\n self._stereo = o.stereo || null;\n self._pos = o.pos || null;\n self._pannerAttr = {\n coneInnerAngle: typeof o.coneInnerAngle !== 'undefined' ? o.coneInnerAngle : 360,\n coneOuterAngle: typeof o.coneOuterAngle !== 'undefined' ? o.coneOuterAngle : 360,\n coneOuterGain: typeof o.coneOuterGain !== 'undefined' ? o.coneOuterGain : 0,\n distanceModel: typeof o.distanceModel !== 'undefined' ? o.distanceModel : 'inverse',\n maxDistance: typeof o.maxDistance !== 'undefined' ? o.maxDistance : 10000,\n panningModel: typeof o.panningModel !== 'undefined' ? o.panningModel : 'HRTF',\n refDistance: typeof o.refDistance !== 'undefined' ? o.refDistance : 1,\n rolloffFactor: typeof o.rolloffFactor !== 'undefined' ? o.rolloffFactor : 1\n };\n\n // Setup event listeners.\n self._onstereo = o.onstereo ? [{\n fn: o.onstereo\n }] : [];\n self._onpos = o.onpos ? [{\n fn: o.onpos\n }] : [];\n self._onorientation = o.onorientation ? [{\n fn: o.onorientation\n }] : [];\n\n // Complete initilization with howler.js core's init function.\n return _super.call(this, o);\n };\n }(Howl.prototype.init);\n\n /**\n * Get/set the stereo panning of the audio source for this sound or all in the group.\n * @param {Number} pan A value of -1.0 is all the way left and 1.0 is all the way right.\n * @param {Number} id (optional) The sound ID. If none is passed, all in group will be updated.\n * @return {Howl/Number} Returns self or the current stereo panning value.\n */\n Howl.prototype.stereo = function (pan, id) {\n var self = this;\n\n // Stop right here if not using Web Audio.\n if (!self._webAudio) {\n return self;\n }\n\n // If the sound hasn't loaded, add it to the load queue to change stereo pan when capable.\n if (self._state !== 'loaded') {\n self._queue.push({\n event: 'stereo',\n action: function () {\n self.stereo(pan, id);\n }\n });\n return self;\n }\n\n // Check for PannerStereoNode support and fallback to PannerNode if it doesn't exist.\n var pannerType = typeof Howler.ctx.createStereoPanner === 'undefined' ? 'spatial' : 'stereo';\n\n // Setup the group's stereo panning if no ID is passed.\n if (typeof id === 'undefined') {\n // Return the group's stereo panning if no parameters are passed.\n if (typeof pan === 'number') {\n self._stereo = pan;\n self._pos = [pan, 0, 0];\n } else {\n return self._stereo;\n }\n }\n\n // Change the streo panning of one or all sounds in group.\n var ids = self._getSoundIds(id);\n for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {\n // Get the sound.\n var sound = self._soundById(ids[i]);\n if (sound) {\n if (typeof pan === 'number') {\n sound._stereo = pan;\n sound._pos = [pan, 0, 0];\n if (sound._node) {\n // If we are falling back, make sure the panningModel is equalpower.\n sound._pannerAttr.panningModel = 'equalpower';\n\n // Check if there is a panner setup and create a new one if not.\n if (!sound._panner || !sound._panner.pan) {\n setupPanner(sound, pannerType);\n }\n if (pannerType === 'spatial') {\n if (typeof sound._panner.positionX !== 'undefined') {\n sound._panner.positionX.setValueAtTime(pan, Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n sound._panner.positionY.setValueAtTime(0, Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n sound._panner.positionZ.setValueAtTime(0, Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n } else {\n sound._panner.setPosition(pan, 0, 0);\n }\n } else {\n sound._panner.pan.setValueAtTime(pan, Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n }\n }\n self._emit('stereo', sound._id);\n } else {\n return sound._stereo;\n }\n }\n }\n return self;\n };\n\n /**\n * Get/set the 3D spatial position of the audio source for this sound or group relative to the global listener.\n * @param {Number} x The x-position of the audio source.\n * @param {Number} y The y-position of the audio source.\n * @param {Number} z The z-position of the audio source.\n * @param {Number} id (optional) The sound ID. If none is passed, all in group will be updated.\n * @return {Howl/Array} Returns self or the current 3D spatial position: [x, y, z].\n */\n Howl.prototype.pos = function (x, y, z, id) {\n var self = this;\n\n // Stop right here if not using Web Audio.\n if (!self._webAudio) {\n return self;\n }\n\n // If the sound hasn't loaded, add it to the load queue to change position when capable.\n if (self._state !== 'loaded') {\n self._queue.push({\n event: 'pos',\n action: function () {\n self.pos(x, y, z, id);\n }\n });\n return self;\n }\n\n // Set the defaults for optional 'y' & 'z'.\n y = typeof y !== 'number' ? 0 : y;\n z = typeof z !== 'number' ? -0.5 : z;\n\n // Setup the group's spatial position if no ID is passed.\n if (typeof id === 'undefined') {\n // Return the group's spatial position if no parameters are passed.\n if (typeof x === 'number') {\n self._pos = [x, y, z];\n } else {\n return self._pos;\n }\n }\n\n // Change the spatial position of one or all sounds in group.\n var ids = self._getSoundIds(id);\n for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {\n // Get the sound.\n var sound = self._soundById(ids[i]);\n if (sound) {\n if (typeof x === 'number') {\n sound._pos = [x, y, z];\n if (sound._node) {\n // Check if there is a panner setup and create a new one if not.\n if (!sound._panner || sound._panner.pan) {\n setupPanner(sound, 'spatial');\n }\n if (typeof sound._panner.positionX !== 'undefined') {\n sound._panner.positionX.setValueAtTime(x, Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n sound._panner.positionY.setValueAtTime(y, Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n sound._panner.positionZ.setValueAtTime(z, Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n } else {\n sound._panner.setPosition(x, y, z);\n }\n }\n self._emit('pos', sound._id);\n } else {\n return sound._pos;\n }\n }\n }\n return self;\n };\n\n /**\n * Get/set the direction the audio source is pointing in the 3D cartesian coordinate\n * space. Depending on how direction the sound is, based on the `cone` attributes,\n * a sound pointing away from the listener can be quiet or silent.\n * @param {Number} x The x-orientation of the source.\n * @param {Number} y The y-orientation of the source.\n * @param {Number} z The z-orientation of the source.\n * @param {Number} id (optional) The sound ID. If none is passed, all in group will be updated.\n * @return {Howl/Array} Returns self or the current 3D spatial orientation: [x, y, z].\n */\n Howl.prototype.orientation = function (x, y, z, id) {\n var self = this;\n\n // Stop right here if not using Web Audio.\n if (!self._webAudio) {\n return self;\n }\n\n // If the sound hasn't loaded, add it to the load queue to change orientation when capable.\n if (self._state !== 'loaded') {\n self._queue.push({\n event: 'orientation',\n action: function () {\n self.orientation(x, y, z, id);\n }\n });\n return self;\n }\n\n // Set the defaults for optional 'y' & 'z'.\n y = typeof y !== 'number' ? self._orientation[1] : y;\n z = typeof z !== 'number' ? self._orientation[2] : z;\n\n // Setup the group's spatial orientation if no ID is passed.\n if (typeof id === 'undefined') {\n // Return the group's spatial orientation if no parameters are passed.\n if (typeof x === 'number') {\n self._orientation = [x, y, z];\n } else {\n return self._orientation;\n }\n }\n\n // Change the spatial orientation of one or all sounds in group.\n var ids = self._getSoundIds(id);\n for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {\n // Get the sound.\n var sound = self._soundById(ids[i]);\n if (sound) {\n if (typeof x === 'number') {\n sound._orientation = [x, y, z];\n if (sound._node) {\n // Check if there is a panner setup and create a new one if not.\n if (!sound._panner) {\n // Make sure we have a position to setup the node with.\n if (!sound._pos) {\n sound._pos = self._pos || [0, 0, -0.5];\n }\n setupPanner(sound, 'spatial');\n }\n if (typeof sound._panner.orientationX !== 'undefined') {\n sound._panner.orientationX.setValueAtTime(x, Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n sound._panner.orientationY.setValueAtTime(y, Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n sound._panner.orientationZ.setValueAtTime(z, Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n } else {\n sound._panner.setOrientation(x, y, z);\n }\n }\n self._emit('orientation', sound._id);\n } else {\n return sound._orientation;\n }\n }\n }\n return self;\n };\n\n /**\n * Get/set the panner node's attributes for a sound or group of sounds.\n * This method can optionall take 0, 1 or 2 arguments.\n * pannerAttr() -> Returns the group's values.\n * pannerAttr(id) -> Returns the sound id's values.\n * pannerAttr(o) -> Set's the values of all sounds in this Howl group.\n * pannerAttr(o, id) -> Set's the values of passed sound id.\n *\n * Attributes:\n * coneInnerAngle - (360 by default) A parameter for directional audio sources, this is an angle, in degrees,\n * inside of which there will be no volume reduction.\n * coneOuterAngle - (360 by default) A parameter for directional audio sources, this is an angle, in degrees,\n * outside of which the volume will be reduced to a constant value of `coneOuterGain`.\n * coneOuterGain - (0 by default) A parameter for directional audio sources, this is the gain outside of the\n * `coneOuterAngle`. It is a linear value in the range `[0, 1]`.\n * distanceModel - ('inverse' by default) Determines algorithm used to reduce volume as audio moves away from\n * listener. Can be `linear`, `inverse` or `exponential.\n * maxDistance - (10000 by default) The maximum distance between source and listener, after which the volume\n * will not be reduced any further.\n * refDistance - (1 by default) A reference distance for reducing volume as source moves further from the listener.\n * This is simply a variable of the distance model and has a different effect depending on which model\n * is used and the scale of your coordinates. Generally, volume will be equal to 1 at this distance.\n * rolloffFactor - (1 by default) How quickly the volume reduces as source moves from listener. This is simply a\n * variable of the distance model and can be in the range of `[0, 1]` with `linear` and `[0, ∞]`\n * with `inverse` and `exponential`.\n * panningModel - ('HRTF' by default) Determines which spatialization algorithm is used to position audio.\n * Can be `HRTF` or `equalpower`.\n *\n * @return {Howl/Object} Returns self or current panner attributes.\n */\n Howl.prototype.pannerAttr = function () {\n var self = this;\n var args = arguments;\n var o, id, sound;\n\n // Stop right here if not using Web Audio.\n if (!self._webAudio) {\n return self;\n }\n\n // Determine the values based on arguments.\n if (args.length === 0) {\n // Return the group's panner attribute values.\n return self._pannerAttr;\n } else if (args.length === 1) {\n if (typeof args[0] === 'object') {\n o = args[0];\n\n // Set the grou's panner attribute values.\n if (typeof id === 'undefined') {\n if (!o.pannerAttr) {\n o.pannerAttr = {\n coneInnerAngle: o.coneInnerAngle,\n coneOuterAngle: o.coneOuterAngle,\n coneOuterGain: o.coneOuterGain,\n distanceModel: o.distanceModel,\n maxDistance: o.maxDistance,\n refDistance: o.refDistance,\n rolloffFactor: o.rolloffFactor,\n panningModel: o.panningModel\n };\n }\n self._pannerAttr = {\n coneInnerAngle: typeof o.pannerAttr.coneInnerAngle !== 'undefined' ? o.pannerAttr.coneInnerAngle : self._coneInnerAngle,\n coneOuterAngle: typeof o.pannerAttr.coneOuterAngle !== 'undefined' ? o.pannerAttr.coneOuterAngle : self._coneOuterAngle,\n coneOuterGain: typeof o.pannerAttr.coneOuterGain !== 'undefined' ? o.pannerAttr.coneOuterGain : self._coneOuterGain,\n distanceModel: typeof o.pannerAttr.distanceModel !== 'undefined' ? o.pannerAttr.distanceModel : self._distanceModel,\n maxDistance: typeof o.pannerAttr.maxDistance !== 'undefined' ? o.pannerAttr.maxDistance : self._maxDistance,\n refDistance: typeof o.pannerAttr.refDistance !== 'undefined' ? o.pannerAttr.refDistance : self._refDistance,\n rolloffFactor: typeof o.pannerAttr.rolloffFactor !== 'undefined' ? o.pannerAttr.rolloffFactor : self._rolloffFactor,\n panningModel: typeof o.pannerAttr.panningModel !== 'undefined' ? o.pannerAttr.panningModel : self._panningModel\n };\n }\n } else {\n // Return this sound's panner attribute values.\n sound = self._soundById(parseInt(args[0], 10));\n return sound ? sound._pannerAttr : self._pannerAttr;\n }\n } else if (args.length === 2) {\n o = args[0];\n id = parseInt(args[1], 10);\n }\n\n // Update the values of the specified sounds.\n var ids = self._getSoundIds(id);\n for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {\n sound = self._soundById(ids[i]);\n if (sound) {\n // Merge the new values into the sound.\n var pa = sound._pannerAttr;\n pa = {\n coneInnerAngle: typeof o.coneInnerAngle !== 'undefined' ? o.coneInnerAngle : pa.coneInnerAngle,\n coneOuterAngle: typeof o.coneOuterAngle !== 'undefined' ? o.coneOuterAngle : pa.coneOuterAngle,\n coneOuterGain: typeof o.coneOuterGain !== 'undefined' ? o.coneOuterGain : pa.coneOuterGain,\n distanceModel: typeof o.distanceModel !== 'undefined' ? o.distanceModel : pa.distanceModel,\n maxDistance: typeof o.maxDistance !== 'undefined' ? o.maxDistance : pa.maxDistance,\n refDistance: typeof o.refDistance !== 'undefined' ? o.refDistance : pa.refDistance,\n rolloffFactor: typeof o.rolloffFactor !== 'undefined' ? o.rolloffFactor : pa.rolloffFactor,\n panningModel: typeof o.panningModel !== 'undefined' ? o.panningModel : pa.panningModel\n };\n\n // Update the panner values or create a new panner if none exists.\n var panner = sound._panner;\n if (panner) {\n panner.coneInnerAngle = pa.coneInnerAngle;\n panner.coneOuterAngle = pa.coneOuterAngle;\n panner.coneOuterGain = pa.coneOuterGain;\n panner.distanceModel = pa.distanceModel;\n panner.maxDistance = pa.maxDistance;\n panner.refDistance = pa.refDistance;\n panner.rolloffFactor = pa.rolloffFactor;\n panner.panningModel = pa.panningModel;\n } else {\n // Make sure we have a position to setup the node with.\n if (!sound._pos) {\n sound._pos = self._pos || [0, 0, -0.5];\n }\n\n // Create a new panner node.\n setupPanner(sound, 'spatial');\n }\n }\n }\n return self;\n };\n\n /** Single Sound Methods **/\n /***************************************************************************/\n\n /**\n * Add new properties to the core Sound init.\n * @param {Function} _super Core Sound init method.\n * @return {Sound}\n */\n Sound.prototype.init = function (_super) {\n return function () {\n var self = this;\n var parent = self._parent;\n\n // Setup user-defined default properties.\n self._orientation = parent._orientation;\n self._stereo = parent._stereo;\n self._pos = parent._pos;\n self._pannerAttr = parent._pannerAttr;\n\n // Complete initilization with howler.js core Sound's init function.\n _super.call(this);\n\n // If a stereo or position was specified, set it up.\n if (self._stereo) {\n parent.stereo(self._stereo);\n } else if (self._pos) {\n parent.pos(self._pos[0], self._pos[1], self._pos[2], self._id);\n }\n };\n }(Sound.prototype.init);\n\n /**\n * Override the Sound.reset method to clean up properties from the spatial plugin.\n * @param {Function} _super Sound reset method.\n * @return {Sound}\n */\n Sound.prototype.reset = function (_super) {\n return function () {\n var self = this;\n var parent = self._parent;\n\n // Reset all spatial plugin properties on this sound.\n self._orientation = parent._orientation;\n self._stereo = parent._stereo;\n self._pos = parent._pos;\n self._pannerAttr = parent._pannerAttr;\n\n // If a stereo or position was specified, set it up.\n if (self._stereo) {\n parent.stereo(self._stereo);\n } else if (self._pos) {\n parent.pos(self._pos[0], self._pos[1], self._pos[2], self._id);\n } else if (self._panner) {\n // Disconnect the panner.\n self._panner.disconnect(0);\n self._panner = undefined;\n parent._refreshBuffer(self);\n }\n\n // Complete resetting of the sound.\n return _super.call(this);\n };\n }(Sound.prototype.reset);\n\n /** Helper Methods **/\n /***************************************************************************/\n\n /**\n * Create a new panner node and save it on the sound.\n * @param {Sound} sound Specific sound to setup panning on.\n * @param {String} type Type of panner to create: 'stereo' or 'spatial'.\n */\n var setupPanner = function (sound, type) {\n type = type || 'spatial';\n\n // Create the new panner node.\n if (type === 'spatial') {\n sound._panner = Howler.ctx.createPanner();\n sound._panner.coneInnerAngle = sound._pannerAttr.coneInnerAngle;\n sound._panner.coneOuterAngle = sound._pannerAttr.coneOuterAngle;\n sound._panner.coneOuterGain = sound._pannerAttr.coneOuterGain;\n sound._panner.distanceModel = sound._pannerAttr.distanceModel;\n sound._panner.maxDistance = sound._pannerAttr.maxDistance;\n sound._panner.refDistance = sound._pannerAttr.refDistance;\n sound._panner.rolloffFactor = sound._pannerAttr.rolloffFactor;\n sound._panner.panningModel = sound._pannerAttr.panningModel;\n if (typeof sound._panner.positionX !== 'undefined') {\n sound._panner.positionX.setValueAtTime(sound._pos[0], Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n sound._panner.positionY.setValueAtTime(sound._pos[1], Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n sound._panner.positionZ.setValueAtTime(sound._pos[2], Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n } else {\n sound._panner.setPosition(sound._pos[0], sound._pos[1], sound._pos[2]);\n }\n if (typeof sound._panner.orientationX !== 'undefined') {\n sound._panner.orientationX.setValueAtTime(sound._orientation[0], Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n sound._panner.orientationY.setValueAtTime(sound._orientation[1], Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n sound._panner.orientationZ.setValueAtTime(sound._orientation[2], Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n } else {\n sound._panner.setOrientation(sound._orientation[0], sound._orientation[1], sound._orientation[2]);\n }\n } else {\n sound._panner = Howler.ctx.createStereoPanner();\n sound._panner.pan.setValueAtTime(sound._stereo, Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n }\n sound._panner.connect(sound._node);\n\n // Update the connections.\n if (!sound._paused) {\n sound._parent.pause(sound._id, true).play(sound._id, true);\n }\n 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* howler.js v2.2.3\n * howlerjs.com\n *\n * (c) 2013-2020, James Simpson of GoldFire Studios\n * goldfirestudios.com\n *\n * MIT License\n */\n\n(function() {\n\n 'use strict';\n\n /** Global Methods **/\n /***************************************************************************/\n\n /**\n * Create the global controller. All contained methods and properties apply\n * to all sounds that are currently playing or will be in the future.\n */\n var HowlerGlobal = function() {\n this.init();\n };\n HowlerGlobal.prototype = {\n /**\n * Initialize the global Howler object.\n * @return {Howler}\n */\n init: function() {\n var self = this || Howler;\n\n // Create a global ID counter.\n self._counter = 1000;\n\n // Pool of unlocked HTML5 Audio objects.\n self._html5AudioPool = [];\n self.html5PoolSize = 10;\n\n // Internal properties.\n self._codecs = {};\n self._howls = [];\n self._muted = false;\n self._volume = 1;\n self._canPlayEvent = 'canplaythrough';\n self._navigator = (typeof window !== 'undefined' && window.navigator) ? window.navigator : null;\n\n // Public properties.\n self.masterGain = null;\n self.noAudio = false;\n self.usingWebAudio = true;\n self.autoSuspend = true;\n self.ctx = null;\n\n // Set to false to disable the auto audio unlocker.\n self.autoUnlock = true;\n\n // Setup the various state values for global tracking.\n self._setup();\n\n return self;\n },\n\n /**\n * Get/set the global volume for all sounds.\n * @param {Float} vol Volume from 0.0 to 1.0.\n * @return {Howler/Float} Returns self or current volume.\n */\n volume: function(vol) {\n var self = this || Howler;\n vol = parseFloat(vol);\n\n // If we don't have an AudioContext created yet, run the setup.\n if (!self.ctx) {\n setupAudioContext();\n }\n\n if (typeof vol !== 'undefined' && vol >= 0 && vol <= 1) {\n self._volume = vol;\n\n // Don't update any of the nodes if we are muted.\n if (self._muted) {\n return self;\n }\n\n // When using Web Audio, we just need to adjust the master gain.\n if (self.usingWebAudio) {\n self.masterGain.gain.setValueAtTime(vol, Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n }\n\n // Loop through and change volume for all HTML5 audio nodes.\n for (var i=0; i=0; i--) {\n self._howls[i].unload();\n }\n\n // Create a new AudioContext to make sure it is fully reset.\n if (self.usingWebAudio && self.ctx && typeof self.ctx.close !== 'undefined') {\n self.ctx.close();\n self.ctx = null;\n setupAudioContext();\n }\n\n return self;\n },\n\n /**\n * Check for codec support of specific extension.\n * @param {String} ext Audio file extention.\n * @return {Boolean}\n */\n codecs: function(ext) {\n return (this || Howler)._codecs[ext.replace(/^x-/, '')];\n },\n\n /**\n * Setup various state values for global tracking.\n * @return {Howler}\n */\n _setup: function() {\n var self = this || Howler;\n\n // Keeps track of the suspend/resume state of the AudioContext.\n self.state = self.ctx ? self.ctx.state || 'suspended' : 'suspended';\n\n // Automatically begin the 30-second suspend process\n self._autoSuspend();\n\n // Check if audio is available.\n if (!self.usingWebAudio) {\n // No audio is available on this system if noAudio is set to true.\n if (typeof Audio !== 'undefined') {\n try {\n var test = new Audio();\n\n // Check if the canplaythrough event is available.\n if (typeof test.oncanplaythrough === 'undefined') {\n self._canPlayEvent = 'canplay';\n }\n } catch(e) {\n self.noAudio = true;\n }\n } else {\n self.noAudio = true;\n }\n }\n\n // Test to make sure audio isn't disabled in Internet Explorer.\n try {\n var test = new Audio();\n if (test.muted) {\n self.noAudio = true;\n }\n } catch (e) {}\n\n // Check for supported codecs.\n if (!self.noAudio) {\n self._setupCodecs();\n }\n\n return self;\n },\n\n /**\n * Check for browser support for various codecs and cache the results.\n * @return {Howler}\n */\n _setupCodecs: function() {\n var self = this || Howler;\n var audioTest = null;\n\n // Must wrap in a try/catch because IE11 in server mode throws an error.\n try {\n audioTest = (typeof Audio !== 'undefined') ? new Audio() : null;\n } catch (err) {\n return self;\n }\n\n if (!audioTest || typeof audioTest.canPlayType !== 'function') {\n return self;\n }\n\n var mpegTest = audioTest.canPlayType('audio/mpeg;').replace(/^no$/, '');\n\n // Opera version <33 has mixed MP3 support, so we need to check for and block it.\n var ua = self._navigator ? self._navigator.userAgent : '';\n var checkOpera = ua.match(/OPR\\/([0-6].)/g);\n var isOldOpera = (checkOpera && parseInt(checkOpera[0].split('/')[1], 10) < 33);\n var checkSafari = ua.indexOf('Safari') !== -1 && ua.indexOf('Chrome') === -1;\n var safariVersion = ua.match(/Version\\/(.*?) /);\n var isOldSafari = (checkSafari && safariVersion && parseInt(safariVersion[1], 10) < 15);\n\n self._codecs = {\n mp3: !!(!isOldOpera && (mpegTest || audioTest.canPlayType('audio/mp3;').replace(/^no$/, ''))),\n mpeg: !!mpegTest,\n opus: !!audioTest.canPlayType('audio/ogg; codecs=\"opus\"').replace(/^no$/, ''),\n ogg: !!audioTest.canPlayType('audio/ogg; codecs=\"vorbis\"').replace(/^no$/, ''),\n oga: !!audioTest.canPlayType('audio/ogg; codecs=\"vorbis\"').replace(/^no$/, ''),\n wav: !!(audioTest.canPlayType('audio/wav; codecs=\"1\"') || audioTest.canPlayType('audio/wav')).replace(/^no$/, ''),\n aac: !!audioTest.canPlayType('audio/aac;').replace(/^no$/, ''),\n caf: !!audioTest.canPlayType('audio/x-caf;').replace(/^no$/, ''),\n m4a: !!(audioTest.canPlayType('audio/x-m4a;') || audioTest.canPlayType('audio/m4a;') || audioTest.canPlayType('audio/aac;')).replace(/^no$/, ''),\n m4b: !!(audioTest.canPlayType('audio/x-m4b;') || audioTest.canPlayType('audio/m4b;') || audioTest.canPlayType('audio/aac;')).replace(/^no$/, ''),\n mp4: !!(audioTest.canPlayType('audio/x-mp4;') || audioTest.canPlayType('audio/mp4;') || audioTest.canPlayType('audio/aac;')).replace(/^no$/, ''),\n weba: !!(!isOldSafari && audioTest.canPlayType('audio/webm; codecs=\"vorbis\"').replace(/^no$/, '')),\n webm: !!(!isOldSafari && audioTest.canPlayType('audio/webm; codecs=\"vorbis\"').replace(/^no$/, '')),\n dolby: !!audioTest.canPlayType('audio/mp4; codecs=\"ec-3\"').replace(/^no$/, ''),\n flac: !!(audioTest.canPlayType('audio/x-flac;') || audioTest.canPlayType('audio/flac;')).replace(/^no$/, '')\n };\n\n return self;\n },\n\n /**\n * Some browsers/devices will only allow audio to be played after a user interaction.\n * Attempt to automatically unlock audio on the first user interaction.\n * Concept from: http://paulbakaus.com/tutorials/html5/web-audio-on-ios/\n * @return {Howler}\n */\n _unlockAudio: function() {\n var self = this || Howler;\n\n // Only run this if Web Audio is supported and it hasn't already been unlocked.\n if (self._audioUnlocked || !self.ctx) {\n return;\n }\n\n self._audioUnlocked = false;\n self.autoUnlock = false;\n\n // Some mobile devices/platforms have distortion issues when opening/closing tabs and/or web views.\n // Bugs in the browser (especially Mobile Safari) can cause the sampleRate to change from 44100 to 48000.\n // By calling Howler.unload(), we create a new AudioContext with the correct sampleRate.\n if (!self._mobileUnloaded && self.ctx.sampleRate !== 44100) {\n self._mobileUnloaded = true;\n self.unload();\n }\n\n // Scratch buffer for enabling iOS to dispose of web audio buffers correctly, as per:\n // http://stackoverflow.com/questions/24119684\n self._scratchBuffer = self.ctx.createBuffer(1, 1, 22050);\n\n // Call this method on touch start to create and play a buffer,\n // then check if the audio actually played to determine if\n // audio has now been unlocked on iOS, Android, etc.\n var unlock = function(e) {\n // Create a pool of unlocked HTML5 Audio objects that can\n // be used for playing sounds without user interaction. HTML5\n // Audio objects must be individually unlocked, as opposed\n // to the WebAudio API which only needs a single activation.\n // This must occur before WebAudio setup or the source.onended\n // event will not fire.\n while (self._html5AudioPool.length < self.html5PoolSize) {\n try {\n var audioNode = new Audio();\n\n // Mark this Audio object as unlocked to ensure it can get returned\n // to the unlocked pool when released.\n audioNode._unlocked = true;\n\n // Add the audio node to the pool.\n self._releaseHtml5Audio(audioNode);\n } catch (e) {\n self.noAudio = true;\n break;\n }\n }\n\n // Loop through any assigned audio nodes and unlock them.\n for (var i=0; i= 55.\n if (typeof self.ctx.resume === 'function') {\n self.ctx.resume();\n }\n\n // Setup a timeout to check that we are unlocked on the next event loop.\n source.onended = function() {\n source.disconnect(0);\n\n // Update the unlocked state and prevent this check from happening again.\n self._audioUnlocked = true;\n\n // Remove the touch start listener.\n document.removeEventListener('touchstart', unlock, true);\n document.removeEventListener('touchend', unlock, true);\n document.removeEventListener('click', unlock, true);\n document.removeEventListener('keydown', unlock, true);\n\n // Let all sounds know that audio has been unlocked.\n for (var i=0; i 0 ? sound._seek : self._sprite[sprite][0] / 1000);\n var duration = Math.max(0, ((self._sprite[sprite][0] + self._sprite[sprite][1]) / 1000) - seek);\n var timeout = (duration * 1000) / Math.abs(sound._rate);\n var start = self._sprite[sprite][0] / 1000;\n var stop = (self._sprite[sprite][0] + self._sprite[sprite][1]) / 1000;\n sound._sprite = sprite;\n\n // Mark the sound as ended instantly so that this async playback\n // doesn't get grabbed by another call to play while this one waits to start.\n sound._ended = false;\n\n // Update the parameters of the sound.\n var setParams = function() {\n sound._paused = false;\n sound._seek = seek;\n sound._start = start;\n sound._stop = stop;\n sound._loop = !!(sound._loop || self._sprite[sprite][2]);\n };\n\n // End the sound instantly if seek is at the end.\n if (seek >= stop) {\n self._ended(sound);\n return;\n }\n\n // Begin the actual playback.\n var node = sound._node;\n if (self._webAudio) {\n // Fire this when the sound is ready to play to begin Web Audio playback.\n var playWebAudio = function() {\n self._playLock = false;\n setParams();\n self._refreshBuffer(sound);\n\n // Setup the playback params.\n var vol = (sound._muted || self._muted) ? 0 : sound._volume;\n node.gain.setValueAtTime(vol, Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n sound._playStart = Howler.ctx.currentTime;\n\n // Play the sound using the supported method.\n if (typeof node.bufferSource.start === 'undefined') {\n sound._loop ? node.bufferSource.noteGrainOn(0, seek, 86400) : node.bufferSource.noteGrainOn(0, seek, duration);\n } else {\n sound._loop ? node.bufferSource.start(0, seek, 86400) : node.bufferSource.start(0, seek, duration);\n }\n\n // Start a new timer if none is present.\n if (timeout !== Infinity) {\n self._endTimers[sound._id] = setTimeout(self._ended.bind(self, sound), timeout);\n }\n\n if (!internal) {\n setTimeout(function() {\n self._emit('play', sound._id);\n self._loadQueue();\n }, 0);\n }\n };\n\n if (Howler.state === 'running' && Howler.ctx.state !== 'interrupted') {\n playWebAudio();\n } else {\n self._playLock = true;\n\n // Wait for the audio context to resume before playing.\n self.once('resume', playWebAudio);\n\n // Cancel the end timer.\n self._clearTimer(sound._id);\n }\n } else {\n // Fire this when the sound is ready to play to begin HTML5 Audio playback.\n var playHtml5 = function() {\n node.currentTime = seek;\n node.muted = sound._muted || self._muted || Howler._muted || node.muted;\n node.volume = sound._volume * Howler.volume();\n node.playbackRate = sound._rate;\n\n // Some browsers will throw an error if this is called without user interaction.\n try {\n var play = node.play();\n\n // Support older browsers that don't support promises, and thus don't have this issue.\n if (play && typeof Promise !== 'undefined' && (play instanceof Promise || typeof play.then === 'function')) {\n // Implements a lock to prevent DOMException: The play() request was interrupted by a call to pause().\n self._playLock = true;\n\n // Set param values immediately.\n setParams();\n\n // Releases the lock and executes queued actions.\n play\n .then(function() {\n self._playLock = false;\n node._unlocked = true;\n if (!internal) {\n self._emit('play', sound._id);\n } else {\n self._loadQueue();\n }\n })\n .catch(function() {\n self._playLock = false;\n self._emit('playerror', sound._id, 'Playback was unable to start. This is most commonly an issue ' +\n 'on mobile devices and Chrome where playback was not within a user interaction.');\n\n // Reset the ended and paused values.\n sound._ended = true;\n sound._paused = true;\n });\n } else if (!internal) {\n self._playLock = false;\n setParams();\n self._emit('play', sound._id);\n }\n\n // Setting rate before playing won't work in IE, so we set it again here.\n node.playbackRate = sound._rate;\n\n // If the node is still paused, then we can assume there was a playback issue.\n if (node.paused) {\n self._emit('playerror', sound._id, 'Playback was unable to start. This is most commonly an issue ' +\n 'on mobile devices and Chrome where playback was not within a user interaction.');\n return;\n }\n\n // Setup the end timer on sprites or listen for the ended event.\n if (sprite !== '__default' || sound._loop) {\n self._endTimers[sound._id] = setTimeout(self._ended.bind(self, sound), timeout);\n } else {\n self._endTimers[sound._id] = function() {\n // Fire ended on this audio node.\n self._ended(sound);\n\n // Clear this listener.\n node.removeEventListener('ended', self._endTimers[sound._id], false);\n };\n node.addEventListener('ended', self._endTimers[sound._id], false);\n }\n } catch (err) {\n self._emit('playerror', sound._id, err);\n }\n };\n\n // If this is streaming audio, make sure the src is set and load again.\n if (node.src === 'data:audio/wav;base64,UklGRigAAABXQVZFZm10IBIAAAABAAEARKwAAIhYAQACABAAAABkYXRhAgAAAAEA') {\n node.src = self._src;\n node.load();\n }\n\n // Play immediately if ready, or wait for the 'canplaythrough'e vent.\n var loadedNoReadyState = (window && window.ejecta) || (!node.readyState && Howler._navigator.isCocoonJS);\n if (node.readyState >= 3 || loadedNoReadyState) {\n playHtml5();\n } else {\n self._playLock = true;\n self._state = 'loading';\n\n var listener = function() {\n self._state = 'loaded';\n \n // Begin playback.\n playHtml5();\n\n // Clear this listener.\n node.removeEventListener(Howler._canPlayEvent, listener, false);\n };\n node.addEventListener(Howler._canPlayEvent, listener, false);\n\n // Cancel the end timer.\n self._clearTimer(sound._id);\n }\n }\n\n return sound._id;\n },\n\n /**\n * Pause playback and save current position.\n * @param {Number} id The sound ID (empty to pause all in group).\n * @return {Howl}\n */\n pause: function(id) {\n var self = this;\n\n // If the sound hasn't loaded or a play() promise is pending, add it to the load queue to pause when capable.\n if (self._state !== 'loaded' || self._playLock) {\n self._queue.push({\n event: 'pause',\n action: function() {\n self.pause(id);\n }\n });\n\n return self;\n }\n\n // If no id is passed, get all ID's to be paused.\n var ids = self._getSoundIds(id);\n\n for (var i=0; i Returns the group's volume value.\n * volume(id) -> Returns the sound id's current volume.\n * volume(vol) -> Sets the volume of all sounds in this Howl group.\n * volume(vol, id) -> Sets the volume of passed sound id.\n * @return {Howl/Number} Returns self or current volume.\n */\n volume: function() {\n var self = this;\n var args = arguments;\n var vol, id;\n\n // Determine the values based on arguments.\n if (args.length === 0) {\n // Return the value of the groups' volume.\n return self._volume;\n } else if (args.length === 1 || args.length === 2 && typeof args[1] === 'undefined') {\n // First check if this is an ID, and if not, assume it is a new volume.\n var ids = self._getSoundIds();\n var index = ids.indexOf(args[0]);\n if (index >= 0) {\n id = parseInt(args[0], 10);\n } else {\n vol = parseFloat(args[0]);\n }\n } else if (args.length >= 2) {\n vol = parseFloat(args[0]);\n id = parseInt(args[1], 10);\n }\n\n // Update the volume or return the current volume.\n var sound;\n if (typeof vol !== 'undefined' && vol >= 0 && vol <= 1) {\n // If the sound hasn't loaded, add it to the load queue to change volume when capable.\n if (self._state !== 'loaded'|| self._playLock) {\n self._queue.push({\n event: 'volume',\n action: function() {\n self.volume.apply(self, args);\n }\n });\n\n return self;\n }\n\n // Set the group volume.\n if (typeof id === 'undefined') {\n self._volume = vol;\n }\n\n // Update one or all volumes.\n id = self._getSoundIds(id);\n for (var i=0; i 0) ? len / steps : len);\n var lastTick = Date.now();\n\n // Store the value being faded to.\n sound._fadeTo = to;\n\n // Update the volume value on each interval tick.\n sound._interval = setInterval(function() {\n // Update the volume based on the time since the last tick.\n var tick = (Date.now() - lastTick) / len;\n lastTick = Date.now();\n vol += diff * tick;\n\n // Round to within 2 decimal points.\n vol = Math.round(vol * 100) / 100;\n\n // Make sure the volume is in the right bounds.\n if (diff < 0) {\n vol = Math.max(to, vol);\n } else {\n vol = Math.min(to, vol);\n }\n\n // Change the volume.\n if (self._webAudio) {\n sound._volume = vol;\n } else {\n self.volume(vol, sound._id, true);\n }\n\n // Set the group's volume.\n if (isGroup) {\n self._volume = vol;\n }\n\n // When the fade is complete, stop it and fire event.\n if ((to < from && vol <= to) || (to > from && vol >= to)) {\n clearInterval(sound._interval);\n sound._interval = null;\n sound._fadeTo = null;\n self.volume(to, sound._id);\n self._emit('fade', sound._id);\n }\n }, stepLen);\n },\n\n /**\n * Internal method that stops the currently playing fade when\n * a new fade starts, volume is changed or the sound is stopped.\n * @param {Number} id The sound id.\n * @return {Howl}\n */\n _stopFade: function(id) {\n var self = this;\n var sound = self._soundById(id);\n\n if (sound && sound._interval) {\n if (self._webAudio) {\n sound._node.gain.cancelScheduledValues(Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n }\n\n clearInterval(sound._interval);\n sound._interval = null;\n self.volume(sound._fadeTo, id);\n sound._fadeTo = null;\n self._emit('fade', id);\n }\n\n return self;\n },\n\n /**\n * Get/set the loop parameter on a sound. This method can optionally take 0, 1 or 2 arguments.\n * loop() -> Returns the group's loop value.\n * loop(id) -> Returns the sound id's loop value.\n * loop(loop) -> Sets the loop value for all sounds in this Howl group.\n * loop(loop, id) -> Sets the loop value of passed sound id.\n * @return {Howl/Boolean} Returns self or current loop value.\n */\n loop: function() {\n var self = this;\n var args = arguments;\n var loop, id, sound;\n\n // Determine the values for loop and id.\n if (args.length === 0) {\n // Return the grou's loop value.\n return self._loop;\n } else if (args.length === 1) {\n if (typeof args[0] === 'boolean') {\n loop = args[0];\n self._loop = loop;\n } else {\n // Return this sound's loop value.\n sound = self._soundById(parseInt(args[0], 10));\n return sound ? sound._loop : false;\n }\n } else if (args.length === 2) {\n loop = args[0];\n id = parseInt(args[1], 10);\n }\n\n // If no id is passed, get all ID's to be looped.\n var ids = self._getSoundIds(id);\n for (var i=0; i Returns the first sound node's current playback rate.\n * rate(id) -> Returns the sound id's current playback rate.\n * rate(rate) -> Sets the playback rate of all sounds in this Howl group.\n * rate(rate, id) -> Sets the playback rate of passed sound id.\n * @return {Howl/Number} Returns self or the current playback rate.\n */\n rate: function() {\n var self = this;\n var args = arguments;\n var rate, id;\n\n // Determine the values based on arguments.\n if (args.length === 0) {\n // We will simply return the current rate of the first node.\n id = self._sounds[0]._id;\n } else if (args.length === 1) {\n // First check if this is an ID, and if not, assume it is a new rate value.\n var ids = self._getSoundIds();\n var index = ids.indexOf(args[0]);\n if (index >= 0) {\n id = parseInt(args[0], 10);\n } else {\n rate = parseFloat(args[0]);\n }\n } else if (args.length === 2) {\n rate = parseFloat(args[0]);\n id = parseInt(args[1], 10);\n }\n\n // Update the playback rate or return the current value.\n var sound;\n if (typeof rate === 'number') {\n // If the sound hasn't loaded, add it to the load queue to change playback rate when capable.\n if (self._state !== 'loaded' || self._playLock) {\n self._queue.push({\n event: 'rate',\n action: function() {\n self.rate.apply(self, args);\n }\n });\n\n return self;\n }\n\n // Set the group rate.\n if (typeof id === 'undefined') {\n self._rate = rate;\n }\n\n // Update one or all volumes.\n id = self._getSoundIds(id);\n for (var i=0; i Returns the first sound node's current seek position.\n * seek(id) -> Returns the sound id's current seek position.\n * seek(seek) -> Sets the seek position of the first sound node.\n * seek(seek, id) -> Sets the seek position of passed sound id.\n * @return {Howl/Number} Returns self or the current seek position.\n */\n seek: function() {\n var self = this;\n var args = arguments;\n var seek, id;\n\n // Determine the values based on arguments.\n if (args.length === 0) {\n // We will simply return the current position of the first node.\n if (self._sounds.length) {\n id = self._sounds[0]._id;\n }\n } else if (args.length === 1) {\n // First check if this is an ID, and if not, assume it is a new seek position.\n var ids = self._getSoundIds();\n var index = ids.indexOf(args[0]);\n if (index >= 0) {\n id = parseInt(args[0], 10);\n } else if (self._sounds.length) {\n id = self._sounds[0]._id;\n seek = parseFloat(args[0]);\n }\n } else if (args.length === 2) {\n seek = parseFloat(args[0]);\n id = parseInt(args[1], 10);\n }\n\n // If there is no ID, bail out.\n if (typeof id === 'undefined') {\n return 0;\n }\n\n // If the sound hasn't loaded, add it to the load queue to seek when capable.\n if (typeof seek === 'number' && (self._state !== 'loaded' || self._playLock)) {\n self._queue.push({\n event: 'seek',\n action: function() {\n self.seek.apply(self, args);\n }\n });\n\n return self;\n }\n\n // Get the sound.\n var sound = self._soundById(id);\n\n if (sound) {\n if (typeof seek === 'number' && seek >= 0) {\n // Pause the sound and update position for restarting playback.\n var playing = self.playing(id);\n if (playing) {\n self.pause(id, true);\n }\n\n // Move the position of the track and cancel timer.\n sound._seek = seek;\n sound._ended = false;\n self._clearTimer(id);\n\n // Update the seek position for HTML5 Audio.\n if (!self._webAudio && sound._node && !isNaN(sound._node.duration)) {\n sound._node.currentTime = seek;\n }\n\n // Seek and emit when ready.\n var seekAndEmit = function() {\n // Restart the playback if the sound was playing.\n if (playing) {\n self.play(id, true);\n }\n\n self._emit('seek', id);\n };\n\n // Wait for the play lock to be unset before emitting (HTML5 Audio).\n if (playing && !self._webAudio) {\n var emitSeek = function() {\n if (!self._playLock) {\n seekAndEmit();\n } else {\n setTimeout(emitSeek, 0);\n }\n };\n setTimeout(emitSeek, 0);\n } else {\n seekAndEmit();\n }\n } else {\n if (self._webAudio) {\n var realTime = self.playing(id) ? Howler.ctx.currentTime - sound._playStart : 0;\n var rateSeek = sound._rateSeek ? sound._rateSeek - sound._seek : 0;\n return sound._seek + (rateSeek + realTime * Math.abs(sound._rate));\n } else {\n return sound._node.currentTime;\n }\n }\n }\n\n return self;\n },\n\n /**\n * Check if a specific sound is currently playing or not (if id is provided), or check if at least one of the sounds in the group is playing or not.\n * @param {Number} id The sound id to check. If none is passed, the whole sound group is checked.\n * @return {Boolean} True if playing and false if not.\n */\n playing: function(id) {\n var self = this;\n\n // Check the passed sound ID (if any).\n if (typeof id === 'number') {\n var sound = self._soundById(id);\n return sound ? !sound._paused : false;\n }\n\n // Otherwise, loop through all sounds and check if any are playing.\n for (var i=0; i= 0) {\n Howler._howls.splice(index, 1);\n }\n\n // Delete this sound from the cache (if no other Howl is using it).\n var remCache = true;\n for (i=0; i= 0) {\n remCache = false;\n break;\n }\n }\n\n if (cache && remCache) {\n delete cache[self._src];\n }\n\n // Clear global errors.\n Howler.noAudio = false;\n\n // Clear out `self`.\n self._state = 'unloaded';\n self._sounds = [];\n self = null;\n\n return null;\n },\n\n /**\n * Listen to a custom event.\n * @param {String} event Event name.\n * @param {Function} fn Listener to call.\n * @param {Number} id (optional) Only listen to events for this sound.\n * @param {Number} once (INTERNAL) Marks event to fire only once.\n * @return {Howl}\n */\n on: function(event, fn, id, once) {\n var self = this;\n var events = self['_on' + event];\n\n if (typeof fn === 'function') {\n events.push(once ? {id: id, fn: fn, once: once} : {id: id, fn: fn});\n }\n\n return self;\n },\n\n /**\n * Remove a custom event. Call without parameters to remove all events.\n * @param {String} event Event name.\n * @param {Function} fn Listener to remove. Leave empty to remove all.\n * @param {Number} id (optional) Only remove events for this sound.\n * @return {Howl}\n */\n off: function(event, fn, id) {\n var self = this;\n var events = self['_on' + event];\n var i = 0;\n\n // Allow passing just an event and ID.\n if (typeof fn === 'number') {\n id = fn;\n fn = null;\n }\n\n if (fn || id) {\n // Loop through event store and remove the passed function.\n for (i=0; i=0; i--) {\n // Only fire the listener if the correct ID is used.\n if (!events[i].id || events[i].id === id || event === 'load') {\n setTimeout(function(fn) {\n fn.call(this, id, msg);\n }.bind(self, events[i].fn), 0);\n\n // If this event was setup with `once`, remove it.\n if (events[i].once) {\n self.off(event, events[i].fn, events[i].id);\n }\n }\n }\n\n // Pass the event type into load queue so that it can continue stepping.\n self._loadQueue(event);\n\n return self;\n },\n\n /**\n * Queue of actions initiated before the sound has loaded.\n * These will be called in sequence, with the next only firing\n * after the previous has finished executing (even if async like play).\n * @return {Howl}\n */\n _loadQueue: function(event) {\n var self = this;\n\n if (self._queue.length > 0) {\n var task = self._queue[0];\n\n // Remove this task if a matching event was passed.\n if (task.event === event) {\n self._queue.shift();\n self._loadQueue();\n }\n\n // Run the task if no event type is passed.\n if (!event) {\n task.action();\n }\n }\n\n return self;\n },\n\n /**\n * Fired when playback ends at the end of the duration.\n * @param {Sound} sound The sound object to work with.\n * @return {Howl}\n */\n _ended: function(sound) {\n var self = this;\n var sprite = sound._sprite;\n\n // If we are using IE and there was network latency we may be clipping\n // audio before it completes playing. Lets check the node to make sure it\n // believes it has completed, before ending the playback.\n if (!self._webAudio && sound._node && !sound._node.paused && !sound._node.ended && sound._node.currentTime < sound._stop) {\n setTimeout(self._ended.bind(self, sound), 100);\n return self;\n }\n\n // Should this sound loop?\n var loop = !!(sound._loop || self._sprite[sprite][2]);\n\n // Fire the ended event.\n self._emit('end', sound._id);\n\n // Restart the playback for HTML5 Audio loop.\n if (!self._webAudio && loop) {\n self.stop(sound._id, true).play(sound._id);\n }\n\n // Restart this timer if on a Web Audio loop.\n if (self._webAudio && loop) {\n self._emit('play', sound._id);\n sound._seek = sound._start || 0;\n sound._rateSeek = 0;\n sound._playStart = Howler.ctx.currentTime;\n\n var timeout = ((sound._stop - sound._start) * 1000) / Math.abs(sound._rate);\n self._endTimers[sound._id] = setTimeout(self._ended.bind(self, sound), timeout);\n }\n\n // Mark the node as paused.\n if (self._webAudio && !loop) {\n sound._paused = true;\n sound._ended = true;\n sound._seek = sound._start || 0;\n sound._rateSeek = 0;\n self._clearTimer(sound._id);\n\n // Clean up the buffer source.\n self._cleanBuffer(sound._node);\n\n // Attempt to auto-suspend AudioContext if no sounds are still playing.\n Howler._autoSuspend();\n }\n\n // When using a sprite, end the track.\n if (!self._webAudio && !loop) {\n self.stop(sound._id, true);\n }\n\n return self;\n },\n\n /**\n * Clear the end timer for a sound playback.\n * @param {Number} id The sound ID.\n * @return {Howl}\n */\n _clearTimer: function(id) {\n var self = this;\n\n if (self._endTimers[id]) {\n // Clear the timeout or remove the ended listener.\n if (typeof self._endTimers[id] !== 'function') {\n clearTimeout(self._endTimers[id]);\n } else {\n var sound = self._soundById(id);\n if (sound && sound._node) {\n sound._node.removeEventListener('ended', self._endTimers[id], false);\n }\n }\n\n delete self._endTimers[id];\n }\n\n return self;\n },\n\n /**\n * Return the sound identified by this ID, or return null.\n * @param {Number} id Sound ID\n * @return {Object} Sound object or null.\n */\n _soundById: function(id) {\n var self = this;\n\n // Loop through all sounds and find the one with this ID.\n for (var i=0; i=0; i--) {\n if (cnt <= limit) {\n return;\n }\n\n if (self._sounds[i]._ended) {\n // Disconnect the audio source when using Web Audio.\n if (self._webAudio && self._sounds[i]._node) {\n self._sounds[i]._node.disconnect(0);\n }\n\n // Remove sounds until we have the pool size.\n self._sounds.splice(i, 1);\n cnt--;\n }\n }\n },\n\n /**\n * Get all ID's from the sounds pool.\n * @param {Number} id Only return one ID if one is passed.\n * @return {Array} Array of IDs.\n */\n _getSoundIds: function(id) {\n var self = this;\n\n if (typeof id === 'undefined') {\n var ids = [];\n for (var i=0; i= 0;\n\n if (Howler._scratchBuffer && node.bufferSource) {\n node.bufferSource.onended = null;\n node.bufferSource.disconnect(0);\n if (isIOS) {\n try { node.bufferSource.buffer = Howler._scratchBuffer; } catch(e) {}\n }\n }\n node.bufferSource = null;\n\n return self;\n },\n\n /**\n * Set the source to a 0-second silence to stop any downloading (except in IE).\n * @param {Object} node Audio node to clear.\n */\n _clearSound: function(node) {\n var checkIE = /MSIE |Trident\\//.test(Howler._navigator && Howler._navigator.userAgent);\n if (!checkIE) {\n node.src = 'data:audio/wav;base64,UklGRigAAABXQVZFZm10IBIAAAABAAEARKwAAIhYAQACABAAAABkYXRhAgAAAAEA';\n }\n }\n };\n\n /** Single Sound Methods **/\n /***************************************************************************/\n\n /**\n * Setup the sound object, which each node attached to a Howl group is contained in.\n * @param {Object} howl The Howl parent group.\n */\n var Sound = function(howl) {\n this._parent = howl;\n this.init();\n };\n Sound.prototype = {\n /**\n * Initialize a new Sound object.\n * @return {Sound}\n */\n init: function() {\n var self = this;\n var parent = self._parent;\n\n // Setup the default parameters.\n self._muted = parent._muted;\n self._loop = parent._loop;\n self._volume = parent._volume;\n self._rate = parent._rate;\n self._seek = 0;\n self._paused = true;\n self._ended = true;\n self._sprite = '__default';\n\n // Generate a unique ID for this sound.\n self._id = ++Howler._counter;\n\n // Add itself to the parent's pool.\n parent._sounds.push(self);\n\n // Create the new node.\n self.create();\n\n return self;\n },\n\n /**\n * Create and setup a new sound object, whether HTML5 Audio or Web Audio.\n * @return {Sound}\n */\n create: function() {\n var self = this;\n var parent = self._parent;\n var volume = (Howler._muted || self._muted || self._parent._muted) ? 0 : self._volume;\n\n if (parent._webAudio) {\n // Create the gain node for controlling volume (the source will connect to this).\n self._node = (typeof Howler.ctx.createGain === 'undefined') ? Howler.ctx.createGainNode() : Howler.ctx.createGain();\n self._node.gain.setValueAtTime(volume, Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n self._node.paused = true;\n self._node.connect(Howler.masterGain);\n } else if (!Howler.noAudio) {\n // Get an unlocked Audio object from the pool.\n self._node = Howler._obtainHtml5Audio();\n\n // Listen for errors (http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec-author-view/spec.html#mediaerror).\n self._errorFn = self._errorListener.bind(self);\n self._node.addEventListener('error', self._errorFn, false);\n\n // Listen for 'canplaythrough' event to let us know the sound is ready.\n self._loadFn = self._loadListener.bind(self);\n self._node.addEventListener(Howler._canPlayEvent, self._loadFn, false);\n\n // Listen for the 'ended' event on the sound to account for edge-case where\n // a finite sound has a duration of Infinity.\n self._endFn = self._endListener.bind(self);\n self._node.addEventListener('ended', self._endFn, false);\n\n // Setup the new audio node.\n self._node.src = parent._src;\n self._node.preload = parent._preload === true ? 'auto' : parent._preload;\n self._node.volume = volume * Howler.volume();\n\n // Begin loading the source.\n self._node.load();\n }\n\n return self;\n },\n\n /**\n * Reset the parameters of this sound to the original state (for recycle).\n * @return {Sound}\n */\n reset: function() {\n var self = this;\n var parent = self._parent;\n\n // Reset all of the parameters of this sound.\n self._muted = parent._muted;\n self._loop = parent._loop;\n self._volume = parent._volume;\n self._rate = parent._rate;\n self._seek = 0;\n self._rateSeek = 0;\n self._paused = true;\n self._ended = true;\n self._sprite = '__default';\n\n // Generate a new ID so that it isn't confused with the previous sound.\n self._id = ++Howler._counter;\n\n return self;\n },\n\n /**\n * HTML5 Audio error listener callback.\n */\n _errorListener: function() {\n var self = this;\n\n // Fire an error event and pass back the code.\n self._parent._emit('loaderror', self._id, self._node.error ? self._node.error.code : 0);\n\n // Clear the event listener.\n self._node.removeEventListener('error', self._errorFn, false);\n },\n\n /**\n * HTML5 Audio canplaythrough listener callback.\n */\n _loadListener: function() {\n var self = this;\n var parent = self._parent;\n\n // Round up the duration to account for the lower precision in HTML5 Audio.\n parent._duration = Math.ceil(self._node.duration * 10) / 10;\n\n // Setup a sprite if none is defined.\n if (Object.keys(parent._sprite).length === 0) {\n parent._sprite = {__default: [0, parent._duration * 1000]};\n }\n\n if (parent._state !== 'loaded') {\n parent._state = 'loaded';\n parent._emit('load');\n parent._loadQueue();\n }\n\n // Clear the event listener.\n self._node.removeEventListener(Howler._canPlayEvent, self._loadFn, false);\n },\n\n /**\n * HTML5 Audio ended listener callback.\n */\n _endListener: function() {\n var self = this;\n var parent = self._parent;\n\n // Only handle the `ended`` event if the duration is Infinity.\n if (parent._duration === Infinity) {\n // Update the parent duration to match the real audio duration.\n // Round up the duration to account for the lower precision in HTML5 Audio.\n parent._duration = Math.ceil(self._node.duration * 10) / 10;\n\n // Update the sprite that corresponds to the real duration.\n if (parent._sprite.__default[1] === Infinity) {\n parent._sprite.__default[1] = parent._duration * 1000;\n }\n\n // Run the regular ended method.\n parent._ended(self);\n }\n\n // Clear the event listener since the duration is now correct.\n self._node.removeEventListener('ended', self._endFn, false);\n }\n };\n\n /** Helper Methods **/\n /***************************************************************************/\n\n var cache = {};\n\n /**\n * Buffer a sound from URL, Data URI or cache and decode to audio source (Web Audio API).\n * @param {Howl} self\n */\n var loadBuffer = function(self) {\n var url = self._src;\n\n // Check if the buffer has already been cached and use it instead.\n if (cache[url]) {\n // Set the duration from the cache.\n self._duration = cache[url].duration;\n\n // Load the sound into this Howl.\n loadSound(self);\n\n return;\n }\n\n if (/^data:[^;]+;base64,/.test(url)) {\n // Decode the base64 data URI without XHR, since some browsers don't support it.\n var data = atob(url.split(',')[1]);\n var dataView = new Uint8Array(data.length);\n for (var i=0; i 0) {\n cache[self._src] = buffer;\n loadSound(self, buffer);\n } else {\n error();\n }\n };\n\n // Decode the buffer into an audio source.\n if (typeof Promise !== 'undefined' && Howler.ctx.decodeAudioData.length === 1) {\n Howler.ctx.decodeAudioData(arraybuffer).then(success).catch(error);\n } else {\n Howler.ctx.decodeAudioData(arraybuffer, success, error);\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * Sound is now loaded, so finish setting everything up and fire the loaded event.\n * @param {Howl} self\n * @param {Object} buffer The decoded buffer sound source.\n */\n var loadSound = function(self, buffer) {\n // Set the duration.\n if (buffer && !self._duration) {\n self._duration = buffer.duration;\n }\n\n // Setup a sprite if none is defined.\n if (Object.keys(self._sprite).length === 0) {\n self._sprite = {__default: [0, self._duration * 1000]};\n }\n\n // Fire the loaded event.\n if (self._state !== 'loaded') {\n self._state = 'loaded';\n self._emit('load');\n self._loadQueue();\n }\n };\n\n /**\n * Setup the audio context when available, or switch to HTML5 Audio mode.\n */\n var setupAudioContext = function() {\n // If we have already detected that Web Audio isn't supported, don't run this step again.\n if (!Howler.usingWebAudio) {\n return;\n }\n\n // Check if we are using Web Audio and setup the AudioContext if we are.\n try {\n if (typeof AudioContext !== 'undefined') {\n Howler.ctx = new AudioContext();\n } else if (typeof webkitAudioContext !== 'undefined') {\n Howler.ctx = new webkitAudioContext();\n } else {\n Howler.usingWebAudio = false;\n }\n } catch(e) {\n Howler.usingWebAudio = false;\n }\n\n // If the audio context creation still failed, set using web audio to false.\n if (!Howler.ctx) {\n Howler.usingWebAudio = false;\n }\n\n // Check if a webview is being used on iOS8 or earlier (rather than the browser).\n // If it is, disable Web Audio as it causes crashing.\n var iOS = (/iP(hone|od|ad)/.test(Howler._navigator && Howler._navigator.platform));\n var appVersion = Howler._navigator && Howler._navigator.appVersion.match(/OS (\\d+)_(\\d+)_?(\\d+)?/);\n var version = appVersion ? parseInt(appVersion[1], 10) : null;\n if (iOS && version && version < 9) {\n var safari = /safari/.test(Howler._navigator && Howler._navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase());\n if (Howler._navigator && !safari) {\n Howler.usingWebAudio = false;\n }\n }\n\n // Create and expose the master GainNode when using Web Audio (useful for plugins or advanced usage).\n if (Howler.usingWebAudio) {\n Howler.masterGain = (typeof Howler.ctx.createGain === 'undefined') ? Howler.ctx.createGainNode() : Howler.ctx.createGain();\n Howler.masterGain.gain.setValueAtTime(Howler._muted ? 0 : Howler._volume, Howler.ctx.currentTime);\n Howler.masterGain.connect(Howler.ctx.destination);\n }\n\n // Re-run the setup on Howler.\n Howler._setup();\n };\n\n // Add support for AMD (Asynchronous Module Definition) libraries such as require.js.\n if (typeof define === 'function' && define.amd) {\n define([], function() {\n return {\n Howler: Howler,\n Howl: Howl\n };\n });\n }\n\n // Add support for CommonJS libraries such as browserify.\n if (typeof exports !== 'undefined') {\n exports.Howler = Howler;\n exports.Howl = Howl;\n }\n\n // Add to global in Node.js (for testing, etc).\n if (typeof global !== 'undefined') {\n global.HowlerGlobal = HowlerGlobal;\n global.Howler = Howler;\n global.Howl = Howl;\n global.Sound = Sound;\n } else if (typeof window !== 'undefined') { // Define globally in case AMD is not available or unused.\n window.HowlerGlobal = HowlerGlobal;\n window.Howler = Howler;\n window.Howl = Howl;\n window.Sound = Sound;\n }\n})();\n\n\n/*!\n * Spatial Plugin - Adds support for stereo and 3D audio where Web Audio is supported.\n * \n * howler.js v2.2.3\n * howlerjs.com\n *\n * (c) 2013-2020, James Simpson of GoldFire Studios\n * goldfirestudios.com\n *\n * MIT License\n */\n\n(function() {\n\n 'use strict';\n\n // Setup default properties.\n HowlerGlobal.prototype._pos = [0, 0, 0];\n HowlerGlobal.prototype._orientation = [0, 0, -1, 0, 1, 0];\n\n /** Global Methods **/\n /***************************************************************************/\n\n /**\n * Helper method to update the stereo panning position of all current Howls.\n * Future Howls will not use this value unless explicitly set.\n * @param {Number} pan A value of -1.0 is all the way left and 1.0 is all the way right.\n * @return {Howler/Number} Self or current stereo panning value.\n */\n HowlerGlobal.prototype.stereo = function(pan) {\n var self = this;\n\n // Stop right here if not using Web Audio.\n if (!self.ctx || !self.ctx.listener) {\n return self;\n }\n\n // Loop through all Howls and update their stereo panning.\n for (var i=self._howls.length-1; i>=0; i--) {\n self._howls[i].stereo(pan);\n }\n\n return self;\n };\n\n /**\n * Get/set the position of the listener in 3D cartesian space. Sounds using\n * 3D position will be relative to the listener's position.\n * @param {Number} x The x-position of the listener.\n * @param {Number} y The y-position of the listener.\n * @param {Number} z The z-position of the listener.\n * @return {Howler/Array} Self or current listener position.\n */\n HowlerGlobal.prototype.pos = function(x, y, z) {\n var self = this;\n\n // Stop right here if not using Web Audio.\n if (!self.ctx || !self.ctx.listener) {\n return self;\n }\n\n // Set the defaults for optional 'y' & 'z'.\n y = (typeof y !== 'number') ? self._pos[1] : y;\n z = (typeof z !== 'number') ? self._pos[2] : z;\n\n if (typeof x === 'number') {\n self._pos = [x, y, z];\n\n if (typeof self.ctx.listener.positionX !== 'undefined') {\n self.ctx.listener.positionX.setTargetAtTime(self._pos[0], Howler.ctx.currentTime, 0.1);\n self.ctx.listener.positionY.setTargetAtTime(self._pos[1], Howler.ctx.currentTime, 0.1);\n self.ctx.listener.positionZ.setTargetAtTime(self._pos[2], Howler.ctx.currentTime, 0.1);\n } else {\n self.ctx.listener.setPosition(self._pos[0], self._pos[1], self._pos[2]);\n }\n } else {\n return self._pos;\n }\n\n return self;\n };\n\n /**\n * Get/set the direction the listener is pointing in the 3D cartesian space.\n * A front and up vector must be provided. The front is the direction the\n * face of the listener is pointing, and up is the direction the top of the\n * listener is pointing. Thus, these values are expected to be at right angles\n * from each other.\n * @param {Number} x The x-orientation of the listener.\n * @param {Number} y The y-orientation of the listener.\n * @param {Number} z The z-orientation of the listener.\n * @param {Number} xUp The x-orientation of the top of the listener.\n * @param {Number} yUp The y-orientation of the top of the listener.\n * @param {Number} zUp The z-orientation of the top of the listener.\n * @return {Howler/Array} Returns self or the current orientation vectors.\n */\n HowlerGlobal.prototype.orientation = function(x, y, z, xUp, yUp, zUp) {\n var self = this;\n\n // Stop right here if not using Web Audio.\n if (!self.ctx || !self.ctx.listener) {\n return self;\n }\n\n // Set the defaults for optional 'y' & 'z'.\n var or = self._orientation;\n y = (typeof y !== 'number') ? or[1] : y;\n z = (typeof z !== 'number') ? or[2] : z;\n xUp = (typeof xUp !== 'number') ? or[3] : xUp;\n yUp = (typeof yUp !== 'number') ? or[4] : yUp;\n zUp = (typeof zUp !== 'number') ? or[5] : zUp;\n\n if (typeof x === 'number') {\n self._orientation = [x, y, z, xUp, yUp, zUp];\n\n if (typeof self.ctx.listener.forwardX !== 'undefined') {\n self.ctx.listener.forwardX.setTargetAtTime(x, Howler.ctx.currentTime, 0.1);\n self.ctx.listener.forwardY.setTargetAtTime(y, Howler.ctx.currentTime, 0.1);\n self.ctx.listener.forwardZ.setTargetAtTime(z, Howler.ctx.currentTime, 0.1);\n self.ctx.listener.upX.setTargetAtTime(xUp, Howler.ctx.currentTime, 0.1);\n self.ctx.listener.upY.setTargetAtTime(yUp, Howler.ctx.currentTime, 0.1);\n self.ctx.listener.upZ.setTargetAtTime(zUp, Howler.ctx.currentTime, 0.1);\n } else {\n self.ctx.listener.setOrientation(x, y, z, xUp, yUp, zUp);\n }\n } else {\n return or;\n }\n\n return self;\n };\n\n /** Group Methods **/\n /***************************************************************************/\n\n /**\n * Add new properties to the core init.\n * @param {Function} _super Core init method.\n * @return {Howl}\n */\n Howl.prototype.init = (function(_super) {\n return function(o) {\n var self = this;\n\n // Setup user-defined default properties.\n self._orientation = o.orientation || [1, 0, 0];\n self._stereo = o.stereo || null;\n self._pos = o.pos || null;\n self._pannerAttr = {\n coneInnerAngle: typeof o.coneInnerAngle !== 'undefined' ? o.coneInnerAngle : 360,\n coneOuterAngle: typeof o.coneOuterAngle !== 'undefined' ? o.coneOuterAngle : 360,\n coneOuterGain: typeof o.coneOuterGain !== 'undefined' ? o.coneOuterGain : 0,\n distanceModel: typeof o.distanceModel !== 'undefined' ? o.distanceModel : 'inverse',\n maxDistance: typeof o.maxDistance !== 'undefined' ? o.maxDistance : 10000,\n panningModel: typeof o.panningModel !== 'undefined' ? o.panningModel : 'HRTF',\n refDistance: typeof o.refDistance !== 'undefined' ? o.refDistance : 1,\n rolloffFactor: typeof o.rolloffFactor !== 'undefined' ? o.rolloffFactor : 1\n };\n\n // Setup event listeners.\n self._onstereo = o.onstereo ? [{fn: o.onstereo}] : [];\n self._onpos = o.onpos ? [{fn: o.onpos}] : [];\n self._onorientation = o.onorientation ? [{fn: o.onorientation}] : [];\n\n // Complete initilization with howler.js core's init function.\n return _super.call(this, o);\n };\n })(Howl.prototype.init);\n\n /**\n * Get/set the stereo panning of the audio source for this sound or all in the group.\n * @param {Number} pan A value of -1.0 is all the way left and 1.0 is all the way right.\n * @param {Number} id (optional) The sound ID. If none is passed, all in group will be updated.\n * @return {Howl/Number} Returns self or the current stereo panning value.\n */\n Howl.prototype.stereo = function(pan, id) {\n var self = this;\n\n // Stop right here if not using Web Audio.\n if (!self._webAudio) {\n return self;\n }\n\n // If the sound hasn't loaded, add it to the load queue to change stereo pan when capable.\n if (self._state !== 'loaded') {\n self._queue.push({\n event: 'stereo',\n action: function() {\n self.stereo(pan, id);\n }\n });\n\n return self;\n }\n\n // Check for PannerStereoNode support and fallback to PannerNode if it doesn't exist.\n var pannerType = (typeof Howler.ctx.createStereoPanner === 'undefined') ? 'spatial' : 'stereo';\n\n // Setup the group's stereo panning if no ID is passed.\n if (typeof id === 'undefined') {\n // Return the group's stereo panning if no parameters are passed.\n if (typeof pan === 'number') {\n self._stereo = pan;\n self._pos = [pan, 0, 0];\n } else {\n return self._stereo;\n }\n }\n\n // Change the streo panning of one or all sounds in group.\n var ids = self._getSoundIds(id);\n for (var i=0; i Returns the group's values.\n * pannerAttr(id) -> Returns the sound id's values.\n * pannerAttr(o) -> Set's the values of all sounds in this Howl group.\n * pannerAttr(o, id) -> Set's the values of passed sound id.\n *\n * Attributes:\n * coneInnerAngle - (360 by default) A parameter for directional audio sources, this is an angle, in degrees,\n * inside of which there will be no volume reduction.\n * coneOuterAngle - (360 by default) A parameter for directional audio sources, this is an angle, in degrees,\n * outside of which the volume will be reduced to a constant value of `coneOuterGain`.\n * coneOuterGain - (0 by default) A parameter for directional audio sources, this is the gain outside of the\n * `coneOuterAngle`. It is a linear value in the range `[0, 1]`.\n * distanceModel - ('inverse' by default) Determines algorithm used to reduce volume as audio moves away from\n * listener. Can be `linear`, `inverse` or `exponential.\n * maxDistance - (10000 by default) The maximum distance between source and listener, after which the volume\n * will not be reduced any further.\n * refDistance - (1 by default) A reference distance for reducing volume as source moves further from the listener.\n * This is simply a variable of the distance model and has a different effect depending on which model\n * is used and the scale of your coordinates. Generally, volume will be equal to 1 at this distance.\n * rolloffFactor - (1 by default) How quickly the volume reduces as source moves from listener. This is simply a\n * variable of the distance model and can be in the range of `[0, 1]` with `linear` and `[0, ∞]`\n * with `inverse` and `exponential`.\n * panningModel - ('HRTF' by default) Determines which spatialization algorithm is used to position audio.\n * Can be `HRTF` or `equalpower`.\n *\n * @return {Howl/Object} Returns self or current panner attributes.\n */\n Howl.prototype.pannerAttr = function() {\n var self = this;\n var args = arguments;\n var o, id, sound;\n\n // Stop right here if not using Web Audio.\n if (!self._webAudio) {\n return self;\n }\n\n // Determine the values based on arguments.\n if (args.length === 0) {\n // Return the group's panner attribute values.\n return self._pannerAttr;\n } else if (args.length === 1) {\n if (typeof args[0] === 'object') {\n o = args[0];\n\n // Set the grou's panner attribute values.\n if (typeof id === 'undefined') {\n if (!o.pannerAttr) {\n o.pannerAttr = {\n coneInnerAngle: o.coneInnerAngle,\n coneOuterAngle: o.coneOuterAngle,\n coneOuterGain: o.coneOuterGain,\n distanceModel: o.distanceModel,\n maxDistance: o.maxDistance,\n refDistance: o.refDistance,\n rolloffFactor: o.rolloffFactor,\n panningModel: o.panningModel\n };\n }\n\n self._pannerAttr = {\n coneInnerAngle: typeof o.pannerAttr.coneInnerAngle !== 'undefined' ? o.pannerAttr.coneInnerAngle : self._coneInnerAngle,\n coneOuterAngle: typeof o.pannerAttr.coneOuterAngle !== 'undefined' ? o.pannerAttr.coneOuterAngle : self._coneOuterAngle,\n coneOuterGain: typeof o.pannerAttr.coneOuterGain !== 'undefined' ? o.pannerAttr.coneOuterGain : self._coneOuterGain,\n distanceModel: typeof o.pannerAttr.distanceModel !== 'undefined' ? o.pannerAttr.distanceModel : self._distanceModel,\n maxDistance: typeof o.pannerAttr.maxDistance !== 'undefined' ? o.pannerAttr.maxDistance : self._maxDistance,\n refDistance: typeof o.pannerAttr.refDistance !== 'undefined' ? o.pannerAttr.refDistance : self._refDistance,\n rolloffFactor: typeof o.pannerAttr.rolloffFactor !== 'undefined' ? o.pannerAttr.rolloffFactor : self._rolloffFactor,\n panningModel: typeof o.pannerAttr.panningModel !== 'undefined' ? o.pannerAttr.panningModel : self._panningModel\n };\n }\n } else {\n // Return this sound's panner attribute values.\n sound = self._soundById(parseInt(args[0], 10));\n return sound ? sound._pannerAttr : self._pannerAttr;\n }\n } else if (args.length === 2) {\n o = args[0];\n id = parseInt(args[1], 10);\n }\n\n // Update the values of the specified sounds.\n var ids = self._getSoundIds(id);\n for (var i=0; i